大学生对近视性屈光不正矫正方法的选择

College students′ choices of myopic ametropia correction methods

目的通过对近视性屈光不正大学生群体的调查,了解其对近视性屈光不正矫正方法的选择特点,有助于加强对大学生的引导,真正改善其视觉质量。方法 2015年5~7月以南宁市4所高校在校本科生作为调查对象,采用分层整群随机抽样法,对抽中班级的全部近视学生开展问卷调查并进行统计分析。结果参与调查的近视性屈光不正大学生共837人,其中未进行视力矫正者7人（0.84%）,均为单眼屈光不正;采用框架眼镜作为视力矫正方法的有748人（89.37%）;采用角膜接触镜作为视力矫正方法者82人（9.80%）;无人采用手术方式进行视力矫正。不同性别对视力矫正方法的选择比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。随着近视程度的加重,选择框架眼镜的学生逐渐减少,而选择角膜接触镜的学生逐渐增多,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。随着屈光参差程度的加重,选择框架眼镜的学生逐渐减少,而选择角膜接触镜的学生逐渐增多,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论大多数大学生对近视性屈光不正矫正方法的选择是理性的。对少数单眼屈光不正又未采用任何视力矫正方法者和少数视力矫正方法的选择不适合自身状况者,应对其加强视力保健教育,使其找到适合自己的视力矫正方法。

Objective To understand the choice characteristics of myopia ametropia correction methods to conduce to strengthen the guidance for really improve their version quality by investigating the college students group with myopia ametropia.Methods The college students on campus in 4 colleges in Nanning City were selected as the survey respondents by adopting the stratified cluster random sampling method. A questionnaire survey was conducted among all the students with myopia in the sam-pled classes and the obtained data were statistically analyzed. Results Totally 837 college students with myopic ametropia were involved in the survey,among them,7 respondents（0.84%） of monocular ametropia were uncorrected,748 respondents（89.37%）adopted the method of frame glasses for vision correction,82 respondents（9.80%） adopted the method of corneal contact lens for vision correction and nobody adopted the surgical procedure for vision correction. The difference in the choices of vision correc-tion methods between male and female students had no statistical significance（P〉0.05）. With the degree of myopia aggravating,the number of students choosing the frame glasses was reduced gradually,while that of students choosing the cornea contact lens was gradually increased,the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. With the degree of anisometropia aggravating,the number of students choosing the frame glasses was reduced gradually,while that of students choosing the cornea contact lens was gradually increased,the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Most of the college students are rational to choose the correction method of myopic ametropia. As for a few students with monocular ametropia without adopting any vision correction methods and a few students adopting vision correction methods suitable for their own situations,the vision care education should be enhanced to make them to find vision correction methods suitable for themselves.