农户采用不同属性“两型农业”技术的影响因素分析——基于辽宁省农户问卷的调查

Factors affecting the adoption of different technologies by “the Two-Oriented Agriculture”: A case study of grain farmers in Liaoning, China

针对以农户需求为中心的技术采纳的关注,对解决"两型农业"技术转化与扩散问题具有重要意义。基于辽宁省粮食种植户的调查数据,采用二项Logistic模型,研究了涵盖农业生产不同环节的6类"两型农业"技术的关键影响因素。结果表明,具有不同家庭特征、经营特征、外部环境特征的农户会基于技术特征差异表现出不同的技术采用行为。户主年龄、社会公职、农地细碎化、户主外出务工、家庭劳动力转移、技术获取途径、农技推广对节水灌溉技术采用有显著负向影响;户主年龄、社会公职、参加培训、农地细碎化程度、技术获取途径、农技推广对测土配方施肥技术具有显著正向影响;受教育程度、技术获取途径、农技推广对秸秆还田技术采用影响显著;参加技术培训、受教育程度、经营规模、户主外出务工、技术获取途径、农技推广、社会服务对免耕栽培技术采用有显著影响;户主年龄、参加技术培训、年收入、户主外出务工、社会服务对精量播种技术采用有显著正影响;社会公职、受教育程度、经营规模、外出务工、社会服务对机收技术采用有显著影响。在此基础上提出了加强对农户"两型农业"技术培训和通过不同技术服务主体间的互联互动来拓宽两型农业技术引入路径等建议。

It is of great signiifcance for promoting agricultural technology adoption by grain farmers to examine the factors inlfuencing the technology adoption choices by grain farmers. Based on the survey data of 568 grain farmers in Liaoning, China and applying a binary Logistic model, this paper analyzed the factors inlfuencing grain farmers’ willingness to adopt the resource-saving and environment-friendly technologies. Result shows that 1） the age of household head, serving as a village ofifcial or not, the degree of the decentralization of land, off-farm employment opportunities, family labor migration, the access to technology, and the extension service have significant positive impacts on farmers’ choice for modern agricultural water-saving irrigation technologies;2） the age of household head, serving as a village official or not, participation in trainings, the degree of the decentralization of land, the access to technology, and the extension service have significant positive impacts on farmers’ choice for the technologies of precision fertilizer application; 3） the education level, the access to technology, and the extension service have signiifcant positive inlfuences on farmers’ choice for returning plant ruminants to the soil technologies;4） participation in trainings, the education level, production scales, the off-farm employment opportunities, the access to technologies, extension services, and social services have signiifcant impacts on farmers’ choice for the no-tilt planting technologies;5） the age of household head, participation in trainings, annual income, the off-farm employment opportunities, and social service have signiifcant impacts on farmers’ choice for the precision planting technologies;and 6） serving as a village ofifcial or not, the education level, production scales, the off-farm employment opportunities, and social services have signiifcant inlfuence on farmers’ choice for the mechanical harvesting technologies. Based on the above analysis, the paper proposed some policy recommendations, including to enhance the technical trainings for farmers and to increase the collaborations among different technology providers to increase the adoption rate of“the Two-Oriented Agriculture”technologies.