37个平菇菌株的遗传差异分析

Analysis on genetic differences of 37 Pleurotus ostreatus strains

以22个国内平菇菌株,15个外引菌株为试验材料,观测其菌丝长速、子实体颜色、菌盖及菌柄形态等14个农艺性状,对各性状进行多样性及主成分分析,同时对8个性状进行聚类分析。结果表明：不同平菇性状之间存在不同程度的多样性,多样性指数变化范围0.393~1.961,国内群体的平均多样性指数为1.611,高于外引材料（1.397）13.28%。各性状间变异系数范围4%~75%,这两个极端值均出现在外引群体中。多变量的主成分分析,14个性状,可以用7个主成分来概括,7个主成分的方差累积贡献率为84.44%。各因子所代表的指标总结为单菇因子、发育因子和产量因子3个因素。8个性状的聚类分析把37份材料分为3个类群,分类结果与子实体农艺性状有一定的相关性。

This paper presents an assessment of phenotypic diversity for 37 strains of Pleurotus ostreatus. The data of 14 traits describing mycelial growth, fruithody color, pileus and stipe morphology ect. were recorded. Diversity analysis and principal component analysis （PCA） of 14 traits, cluster analysis （CA） of 8 traits were conducted for learning its biological characteristics on 37 strains. It can also provide the basis for germplasm resource research. The results show that： the characters of different oyster mushroom showed different degree of diversity, which range of 0.393 ~ 1.961. The average diversity index（1.611） in domestic germplasm was 13.28% higher than that of introduced group（1.397）. coefficient of variation（CV） range of 4%~75% occurred in introduced group, which showed that cited group has a great variation. In addition, 7 principal components （PCs） were obtained from 14 tested traits.through the principal component analysis （PCA）, and the percentage of cumulative contributive rate is 84.44%, these PCs were designated as single fruitbody, development factors, yield respectively. 37strains were classified into 3 sections according to the clustering analysis （CA） of 8 traits, which have a certain correlation with fruitbody agronomic traits.