多异瓢虫捕食豌豆蚜功能对3种杀虫剂亚致死剂量的响应

Response of the functional of Hippodamia variegate preying on pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum to sublethal doses of 3 insecticides

为了明确杀虫剂亚致死剂量对多异瓢虫（Hippodamia variegate）捕食功能的影响,为害虫综合防治中有效协调化学防治和生物防治间的相互关系提供一定的理论参考,本研究采用胃毒和触杀两种受药方式,分析了吡虫啉、阿维菌素和高效氯氰菊酯3种杀虫剂的亚致死剂量对多异瓢虫捕食量、捕食功能反应模型、捕食速率以及寻找效应的影响。结果表明,3种杀虫剂亚致死剂量对多异瓢虫捕食作用的影响大小依次为高效氯氰菊酯〉阿维菌素〉吡虫啉。在杀虫剂亚致死剂量下,多异瓢虫捕食功能反应模型的结构没有变化,还是典型的Holling-Ⅱ型,但模型参数发生了改变。其中,瞬时攻击率下降6.01%~25.81%,处理猎物时间延长17.32%~71.82%,最大理论捕食量降低14.75%~41.80%。此外,捕食量、捕食速率和寻找效应也有不同程度的下降,分别降低6.71%~37.36%、9.81%~29.45%和29.58%~7.85%。以上结果表明,3种杀虫剂亚致死剂量对多异瓢虫捕食功能均有抑制作用。

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of sublethal doses of insecticides on functional response of Hippodamia variegate preying on Acyrthosiphon pisum,and thus provide some useful theoretical references for the effective coordination of chemical and biological control. We utilized sublethal doses of 3 insecticides,imidacloprid,abamectin and alphacypermethrin,and studied the changes of predatory capacities,functional response predator-prey model,predatory rates and searching efficiency on H. variegate by the two models of stomach poisoning and contacting toxicity.The results showed that among sublethal doses of 3 insecticides,the effect of beta-cypermethrin on H. variegate was the maximum,while imidacloprid was the minimum. In sublethal doses of pesticides,the functional response models of H.variegate preying on A. pisum were still conformed to Holling＇s type Ⅱ curve in spite of pretreated with sublethal doses of insecticide; while the parameters of models had some changes. The discovery rates decreased by 6. 01% ~ 25. 81%;the handling time prolonged by 17. 32% ~ 71. 82%; and the maximal predatory capacities reduced by 14. 75% ~ 41.80%. Besides,the predatory capacities,predatory rates and searching efficiency decreased by 6. 71% ~ 37. 36%,9. 81% ~ 29. 45% and 29. 58% ~ 7. 85%,respectively. These findings suggested that 3 insecticides at sublethal level had some inhibition influence on the predation of H. variegate.