蔗糖生产中的有机废弃物资源化利用研究

Application of organic discarded goods in cane sugar production

蔗糖业是广西主要支柱产业，广西的甘蔗种植面积、蔗糖产量连续多年稳居全国第一，蔗糖总产量占全国总产量的60%以上。在制糖生产过程中，甘蔗压榨中除压榨出糖汁外，在糖汁精炼过程中还产生数量巨大的糖厂废弃污染物，主要是滤泥和废糖蜜生产酒精的酒精废液。近年广西年入榨甘蔗8000～5800万t，产生滤泥约250万t，废糖蜜约250万t。在广西应用蔗糖厂的滤泥和酒精废液对甘蔗产量的影响的13个试验点的统计结果表明，施用酒精废液和滤泥的分别比复合肥处理增产甘蔗15.0t/hm2和13.5t/hm2，增产率分别18.8%和17.2%。蔗糖生产中的有机废弃物滤泥和酒精废液含有丰富的有机质、氮、磷和钾，以公顷施用75t酒精废液计，它能提供当季甘蔗生产所需的N 484.5kg，P2O512.9kg，K2O 816.0kg，并带来6294.0kg有机质；公顷施用7500kg滤泥计，它能提供当季甘蔗生产所需的N 129.0kg，P2O590.0kg，K2O 13.2kg，并带来4320.0kg有机质。蔗糖生产中的有机废弃物滤泥和酒精废液含有甘蔗吸收的矿质养分，其中：N 59300t，P2O525300t，K2O 31700t，有机质1650250t；应用这些矿质营养对甘蔗种植区的矿质营养平衡循环、培肥甘蔗种植区土壤肥力、保护甘蔗种植区生态环境和实现甘蔗生产的可持续稳定地增长，将有重要的作用。

The cane sugar industry is a main industry of Guangxi. The sugarcane cultivated area of Guangxi , output of cane sugar occupy first in the whole country steadily for years, the total output of cane sugar accounts for over 60% of national total output.In refining sugar the production process, the sugarcane also produced the sugar refinery enormous in quantity and discarded goods the pollutant while the syrup refines besides pressing out the syrup when pressed , it is mainly the vinasse straining the mud and abolishing the molasses to produce the alcohol. Enter pressing 80- 85 million tons of sugarcane every year in Guangxi in recent years, produce and strain about 2,500,000 tons of mud, abolish about 2,500,000 tons of vinasse.The statistics of the experimental site shown that application of mud and waste liquid of alcohol on sugarcane increased the yield 15 tons and 13.5 tons per hectare or 18.8% and 17.2%, respectively, than the treatments with compound fertilizers.The organic discarded goods in cane sugar production include mud and vinasse and contains abundant organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Application of vinasse of 75 tons per hectare, it can supply 484.5 kilograms of nitrogen, 12.9 kilograms of phosphorus, 816.0 kilograms of potassium for sugarcane growth, and bring 419.6 kilograms of organic matter to the soil. Application of 7500 kilograms of mud per hectare, it can supply 129.0 kilograms of nitrogen, 90.0 kilograms of phosphorus, 13.2 kilograms of potassium for sugarcane growth, and bring 4320.0 kilograms of organic matter to soil. It is obvious, the organic discarded goods in cane sugar production strains mud and vinasse contains the mineral nutrient that the sugarcane absorbed, N 59300 tons, P2O5 25300 tons, K2O 31700 tons, 1650250 tons of organic matter per production season. Application of these organic discard balanced circulation of nutrition of the sugarcane planting area, foster and apply fertilizer sugarcane soil fertility of planting, protect sugarcane ecological environment of planting, and realize sugarcane produce can increase continually and steadily, will have important function.