仙台病毒载体的研究与应用进展

Progress in research and application of Sendai virus vector

仙台病毒(Sendai virus,Se V)属于副粘病毒科呼吸道病毒属,基因组为不分节段的单负链RNA,编码NP,P,M,F,HN,L等11个蛋白。应用反向遗传学构建的仙台病毒载体是新兴的RNA病毒载体,由于其宿主范围广、表达量高、胞质表达、安全性好等诸多优点,目前广泛用于基因治疗药物和疫苗研究。本文从仙台病毒的基因组分子结构、致病性和免疫原性、载体的构建和类型以及其应用等方面进行详细论述。

Sendai virus（ Se V） belongs to the genus Respirovirus of the Paramyxoviridae family. Its nonsegmented,negative-stranded RNA genome has the coding capability for eleven polypeptides,including NP,P,M,F,HN and L proteins. With the technique of reverse genetics,the constructed Sendai virus vector（ Se VV） is an emerging negative-strand RNA viral vector system. This vector has many advantages such as wide host range,strong expression of foreign gene,cytoplasm expression,more safety,and so on. As a result,Se VV has been extensively used in gene therapy medicine and vaccine research. In this article,we reviewed the genome structure,pathogenicity and immnogenicity,vector construction and application of Sendai virus.