深圳市某街道涉苯企业职业卫生危害现状调查

Investigation on status of occupational hazards in benzene-related enterprises in a sub-district of Shenzhen City

目的通过对深圳市某街道的涉苯企业职业卫生基本情况进行调查,了解苯及其化合物的职业病危害现状,为相关政策的制定提供科学依据。方法选取深圳市某街道165家涉苯企业,对其职业卫生危害现状展开相应的调查,并对调查资料进行回顾性分析。结果在深圳市某街道涉苯企业中,合资企业数量的比例最高,为46.1%;私营企业占的比例较低,为18.2%。工作场所中苯及其化合物监测合格率为83.1%。不同性质及行业的企业这间,其工作场所中苯及其化合物监测的合格率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);企业员工职业健康检查率达73.2%,不同性质及行业的企业之间职业健康检查率的差异亦有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论深圳市某街道涉苯企业应进一步加强对该街道存在的苯及其他化学有害因素企业的职业卫生监督与管理,以避免其危害劳动者健康。

[Objective]To investigate the basic situation of occupational health in benzene-related enterprises in a sub-district of Shenzhen City,to understand the status of occupational hazards related to the benzene and its compounds,and provide a scientific basis for policy formulation.[Methods]165 benzene-related enterprises in a sub-district of Shenzhen City were selected to investigate the status of occupational hazards,and the investigated data were retrospectively analyzed.[Results] Among benzene-related enterprises,the joint ventures accounted for the greatest proportion,which was 46.1%,and the private enterprises accounted for lower proportion,which was 18.2%. The qualified rate of benzene and its compounds in workplaces was 83.1%,and the difference in the qualified rate of benzene and its compounds was statistically significant among enterprises in different type and industry（P〈0.05）. The rate of occupational health examination in employees reached 73.2%,and the difference in the rate of occupational health examination was statistically significant among enterprises in different type and industry（P〈0.05）.[Conclusion]The occupational health work should be continuously improved and explored in the benzene-related enterprises in a sub-district of Shenzhen City,so as to enhance the management level in these enterprises. Meanwhile,it is necessary to strengthen the supervision and management in the enterprises with the occupational exposure of benzene and other harmful chemical factors,to protect the health of workers.