江阴市11298名接触噪声作业劳动者上岗前职业健康检查结果

Results of pre-employment occupational health examination of 11298 noise-exposed workers in Jiangyin City

目的了解劳动者就业前的健康状况,及早发现职业禁忌证及其他主要疾病,为企业科学、合理地安排劳动者从事有职业病危害的作业提供客观依据。方法依据GBZ 188-2007《职业健康监护技术规范》,对2009年1月—2014年9月江阴市11 298名准备从事噪声作业的劳动者进行上岗前职业健康检查,并对结果进行分析。结果 11 298名劳动者中,发现其他疾病或异常5 915人(52.35%);发现与接触职业危害因素相关的项目指标异常3 484人(30.84%),其中纯音听阈测试异常者3 442人次,血压明显偏高者85人次。但参加复查人数仅占27.93%(973/3 484)。共检出职业禁忌证306例(2.71%),其中各种原因引起的永久性感音神经性听力损失者119例,双耳高频平均听阈≥40 d BHL者129例。结论调查显示,上岗前职业健康检查发现了较多职业禁忌证人员,有利于企业合理安排其工作,减少职业病的发生,保护劳动者健康。

[Objective]To understand the health status of workers before employment,early detect occupational contraindication and other diseases,provide objective basis for enterprise to arrange the operations with occupational hazards scientifically and reasonably.[Methods]According to the Technical specifications of occupational health surveillance（GBZ 188-2007）,the pre-employment occupational health examination was performed among 11 298 workers who were ready to engage in noise operations from January2009 to September 2014,and the results were analyzed.[Results]Among 11 298 workers,5 915 cases of other diseases and abnormality were detected with the detection rate of 52.35%,3 484 workers were detected for the abnormality in the indexes related to occupational hazards exposure,with the detection rate of 30.84%,which included 3 442 cases of abnormal pure tone audiometry and 85 cases of higher blood pressure. However,only 27.93% of them received the re-examination（973/3 484）.Totally 306 workers were detected with occupational contraindication,with detection rate of 6.8%,including 119 cases of permanent neurological sensor neural hearing loss caused by various reasons and 129 cases of binaural high-frequency average hearing threshold≥40 d BHL.[Conclusion]The pre-employment occupational health examination is helpful to detect the workers with occupational contraindication,so it is useful for enterprises to arrange the operations,reduce the occupational disease and protect health of workers.