ETS动车组真空断路器隔振降噪设计

Vibration isolation and noise reduction design for vacuum circuit breaker mounted on ETS EMU

真空断路器在合闸和分闸时,会产生较大的瞬时冲击噪声。从真空断路器振动与噪声产生的机理入手,结合工程实施的需要,对真空断路器进行了隔振、隔声和吸声设计。理论计算了真空断路器橡胶减振垫的刚度和厚度范围;采用多层组合隔声罩并在罩内设置吸声材料,可获得良好的降噪效果;但同时也发现,不管罩内壁是采用阻尼材料还是其他隔声材料,其实组合隔声量增加非常有限,隔声罩的隔声性能主要决定于其金属基体,以及密封程度。可为降低真空断路器的瞬时冲击噪声提供设计依据。

It will be generated a big impact noise when the vacuum circuit breaker is closing or opening. According to noise generate mechanism of vacuum circuit breaker and combining with the EMU project requirements, design of vibration isolation, noise reduction and sound absorption is carried on. The stiffness and thickness ranges of the rubber pad are calculated based on theoretical methods. When multi-layer combination structures and sound-absorbing materials are used inside the acoustic enclosures, noise reduction is improved greatly. However, it is found that the combination noise reduction is very limited, neither damping material nor other insulation materials, the performance of acoustic enclosures mainly depends on its metal panels, as well as the degree of sealing. It is provided design proofs for reducing the impact noise of the vacuum circuit breakers.