中国在“一带一路”国家专利与出口结构关系的研究——基于行业层面相似度指数的分析

Study on China's Patent Portfolio and Export Structure in the Countries along “The Belt and The Road”——Analysis Based on Similarity Index at Sector Level

本文分区域研究了中国在"一带一路"沿线国家专利申请与出口贸易分布情况,并构建了专利结构与出口结构相似度指数,探索中国在"一带一路"国家专利布局与出口的相似程度。结果显示:从世界范围来看,中国在"一带一路"沿线各区域的专利布局密集程度普遍低于贸易密集程度;从国家差异来看,中国在印度、越南等国的专利布局与中国出口贸易结构相似度很高,但在半数以上的沿线国家专利布局还非常欠缺;从行业差异来看,中国在专用设备制造业,通用设备制造业,化学原料和化学制品制造业等行业的专利布局可以为相关产业的出口贸易提供保障,但在其他行业的专利布局仍较为薄弱。

This paper investigates distributions of China＇s patent layout as well as export in the countries along ＂the belt and the road＂ （hereinafter referred to as ＂B＆R＂） at regional level. After which the similarity index is introduced to measure the resemblance between export and patent. Using the data of China＇s patent application and export to the sixty-four countries along ＂B＆R＂ in the past five years, the paper also explores to which degree the international patent was similar to export. The results show that, the density of China＇s regional patent portfolio along ＂B＆R＂ was generally lower than that of China＇s export; From the national differences of view, high correlation can be found between China＇s patent portfolio and export in India, Vietnam and some other countries, while in more than half of the countries along ＂B＆R＂, our patent portfolio is still far from adequate; And in terms of industry differences, our patent application in special equipment manufacturing industry, general equipment manufacturing industry, chemical materials and chemical products manufacturing industry and some other industries could offer a safeguard for the related export, but patent layout in other industry should be carried forward.