2008—2014年崇左市江州区手足口病流行特征分析

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease in Jiangzhou District of Chongzuo City from 2008-2014

目的分析崇左市江州区2008—2014年手足口病分布特点和流行趋势,为制定手足口病防控策略提供科学依据。方法收集2008—2014年《中国疾病预防控制信息管理系统》报告的崇左市江州区手足口病疫情监测资料进行分析。结果 2008—2014年崇左市江州区共报告手足口病12 886例,其中重症病例109例,死亡6例。年平均发病率为559.33/10万,年度之间发病率比较,差异有统计学意义（χ~2=6 533.19。P〈0.01）。病例高峰期为5月份,主要集中在4—6月和9—11月份,占74.83%。以0~5岁儿童发病为主,占96.48%。男女性别比为1.88∶1。散居儿童和幼托儿童,分别占83.63%和14.16%。病例主要以临床诊断为主,实验室确诊较少,仅占报告数的0.85%。结论崇左市江州区应以5岁以下儿童,尤其是≤3岁学龄前儿童为防治工作的重点人群,该区应采取综合性防控措施,加强多部门协作;同时加强实验室诊断工作,切实减少和控制手足口病的发生和流行。

[Objective] To analyze the distribution characteristics and epidemiological trends of hand,foot and mouth disease（HFMD）in Jiangzhou District of Chongzuo City from 2008-2014,provide scientific basis for developing the prevention and control of HFMD. [Methods] The epidemic monitoring data of HFMD in Jiangzhou District of Chongzuo City from 2008-2014 were collected from the China information management system of disease prevention and control,and were analyzed statistically.[Results]Totally 12 886 HFMD cases were reported in Jiangzhou District of Chongzuo City from 2008-2014,including 109 severe cases and death cases. The average annual incidence rate was 559.33/lakh,and the difference in annual incidence rate was statistically significant（χ~2=6 533.19,P〈0.01）. The peak season appeared in May,and most of cases concentrated in the periods of April to June and September to November,accounting for 74.83%. 96.48% of patients were children aged 0-5 years old. The ratio of male-to-female was 1.88 ∶1. The scattered children and preschool children accounted for 83.63% and 14.16% respectively. The cases were mainly diagnosed with the clinical diagnosis,while the laboratory diagnosis cases accounted for only 0.85% of total cases.[Conclusion]In Jiangzhou District of Chongzuo City,the prevention and control work should focus on the children aged 0-5 years old,especially preschool children under 3 years old. It is necessary to take the comprehensive prevention and control measures,strengthen multi-sectoral cooperation,and strengthen the laboratory diagnosis,to effectively reduce and control the occurrence and epidemic situation of HFMD.