高等教育扩张有助于降低居民收入差距吗?——基于1998-2013年全国省级面板数据的考察

Did the Higher Education Expansion Have Contribution to Decrease the Residents' Income Gap?——Based on the 1998-2013provincial panel data of China

我国高等教育自1998年起开始快速扩张,与此同时居民收入差距也呈现出急剧攀升态势,在这一阶段高等教育扩张是有益于改善收入分配不平等还是使其更加恶化呢?基于1998-2013年全国省级面板数据,运用面板门槛回归模型实证研究高等教育扩张对于我国居民收入差距的影响作用将变得富有意义。研究结果表明:高等教育扩张对居民收入差距具有显著的扩张效应,不过随着接受高等教育群体的比例逐渐扩大,高等教育扩张的平等化效应慢慢开始体现,高等教育扩张引致居民收入差距的效果相对减小,但高等教育扩张始终未起到改善居民收入差距的作用。

The higher education in our country had began to expand rapidly since 1998,at the same time,the residents’ income gap also present a sharply rising trend,at this stage,did the higher education expansion was beneficial to improve income distribution inequality or make it worse？Based on the 1998-2013 national provincial panel data,and using the threshold regression model to make empirical research on the influence of the higher education expansion to the income gap,will become meaningful.The results show that,the expansion of higher education on the expansion of residents’ income gap has significant effect,but with the proportion of receiving higher education group gradually expand,the equality of higher education expansion effect slowly began to reflect,the effect of higher education expansion caused the residents’ income gap relatively reduced,but the higher education expansion always did not have the effect of improving residents’ income gap.