生态批评视域下的《还乡》“原乡世界”

“World of the Native”in The Return of the Native from the Perspective of Ecological Criticism

生态批评作为一种基于生态危机现实迫切需要的思想批评,其批评的对象包括文学艺术在内的文化生态,即人类文明在一定时期形成的生活方式和观念形态。本文用生态主义批评视角对哈代《还乡》中的故事展开所依托的"原乡世界"展开解读。从作为"原乡"的埃顿荒原、生态视角下的男性和女性,及"原乡世界"与田野三个维度对《还乡》中蕴含的生态意蕴进行挖掘,突破传统的等级思维、价值二元论和统治逻辑支撑下的文学创作和解读范式,从而形成一种生态绿色、和谐自然的文学写作和批评观念,使我们更好地融入到当下应对生态危机的行动中去。

As a kind of criticism which is urgently needed in the ecological crisis reality,ecological criticism has its obj ects, including cultural ecology within art and literature — lifestyle and ideology formed as human civilization develops during a certain period.In this thesis,the author takes the view of ecological criticism to interpret the “world of the native”,which is the setting ofthestoryinTheReturnoftheNative.Thentheauthortriestorevealtheecologicalimplicationofthisnovelfromthreeaspects— the Aden wilderness as “the world of native”,male and female from the ecological perspective,and “world of the native”vs. field.Furthermore,the author proposes that traditional paradigm of literary writing and reading in line with the level thinking, value dualism and rule logic should all be broken to form the literary writing and criticism concept which is ecological-green, harmonious and natural.In this way,reaction to the ecological crisis can become more active.