易腐品的VMI&TPL模式改进与收益分配研究

An improved VMI&TPL mode and the profit allocation mechanism of perishable items

本文研究了电子商务环境下的易腐品VMI&TPL模式改进问题并建立了收益分配模型,综合考虑了物流服务水平对需求的影响。研究表明VMI&TPL的实施能有效提升供应链的整体效率。但在实施后的分散决策中,第三方物流存在降低服务水平以提升自身利润的动机,不利于整体供应链的提升;而在集中决策下,虽然供应链整体利润达到最大化,但第三方物流及供应商承担了过多的风险,若不进行合理的收益分配则会导致联盟瓦解。针对集中决策下的联盟风险问题,本文使用考虑综合因子的改进Shapley值方法对联盟成员进行收益再分配,以使联盟状态稳定。数例表明,VMI&TPL模式与收益分配机制的结合能有效提升易腐品供应链的整体竞争力,并使联盟状态稳定,实现共赢。

Taking the logistics service level into consideration,this paper studies how to improve the VMI&TPL mode of perishable items and establishes a profit allocation model. The study shows that the VMI&TPL mode can enhance the overall efficiency of supply chain. In the decentralized decision making stage,however,the third party logistic has the motivation to decrease its service quality in exchange for higher profits. In the centralized decision making stage,the profits of supply chain can be maximized,but the third party logistic and supplier suffer more risks under the unreasonable profit allocation mechanism. This paper studies the profit reallocation through the improved Shapley method with comprehensive factors to maintain the stability of alliance. The numerical example shows that the combination of VMI&TPL mode and the profit allocation mechanism can promote the competitiveness and stability of supply chain of perishable items.