木槿曼粉蚧生物学特征的初步研究

Preliminary Study on Biological Characteristics of Maconellicoccus hirsutus( Green)( Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)

木槿曼粉蚧是我国南方大豆上的一种新害虫。为了明确其各个虫态识别特征及其在大豆上的生活史及主要生物学特征,在室内恒温条件下[温度(25±1)℃,相对湿度70%±5%,光周期为L∶D=12∶12],观察描述了雌雄不同虫态的形态特征及其个体生活史、各虫态主要习性和危害特征等。结果表明:木槿曼粉蚧具有典型的性二型现象。雌虫包括卵、1龄若虫、2龄若虫、3龄若虫和雌成虫。雄虫包括卵、1龄若虫、2龄若虫、预蛹、蛹和雄成虫。若虫期各龄期体长、体宽、触角节数等形态结构具有明显差异,可作为区分龄期的依据。在25℃条件下,以大豆为寄主的雌性个体若虫期为33.34 d,成虫期19.03 d,平均产卵269.6粒;雄性个体若虫期24.60 d,预蛹期2.27 d、蛹期3.33 d,成虫寿命仅3.83 d。

Maconellicoccus hirsutus （Green） （Hemiptera： Pseudococcidae） was a new pest of soybean in Southern China. However, little information about this scale insect can be found at home. Accordingly, the detailed morphological characteristics and biological characteristics were fed by soybean plants and observed under the condition of laboratory environment （ T： （ 25 ± 1 ） ℃ ; 70% ± 5 % RH ; L： D = 12 h： 12 h）. The results showed that female M. hirsutus had five stages （ egg, 1 st, 2nd and 3rd instar nymph and adult）, whereas male had six stages （egg, 1st and 2nd instar nymph, prepupa, pupa and adult）. It could be considered as a basis of distinguishing the larval instar that there were obvious differences in body length, body width, and antennae segment. Moreover, the nymphal and adult duration of female was 33.34 d and 19.03 d, respectively. The average amount of eggs was 269. 9. The nymphal, adult duration prepupa and pupa of male was 24. 60,3.83,2.27 and 3.33 d, respectively. All the features above showed a clear sexual dimorphism between sexes.