三七连作障碍发生机理及消减技术研究

Study on Mechanism of Sanqi(Panax notoginseng F.H.Chen) Replant Failure and Its Alleviation Technology

连作障碍是三七产业发展的关键问题。以不同间隔年限土壤种植的三七和根际土壤为试材,开展了土壤微生物培养、土壤酶活性检测、土壤理化性状分析和三七根际化合物分析,研究三七连作障碍的影响因素。结果表明:导致三七连作障碍的原因在于土壤理化性状恶化、土壤微生物群落演变、土壤酶活性下降和三七根际自毒物质积累4个方面;土壤细菌与真菌数量比、土壤细菌与放线菌数量比、土壤好氧性细菌与厌氧性细菌数量比均随三七根腐病加重而降低,其比值可作为三七栽培土壤健康状况评价的生物学诊断参数;优化集成了调酸、减肥、通气和微生物修复的三七连作障碍消减技术。

Replant failure of Sanqi （Panax notoginseng F. H. Chen） is a key issue for the development of its industrial. For years,our project team has conducted soil borne microbe cultivation, activities of soil enzymes test,analyses of physical and chemical traits of soil, and analyses of Sanqi rhizospheric compounds with Sanqi plants cultivated in soil of different year intervals and rhizosphere soil. The results showed that,the replant failure of Sanqi lied in four aspects,change of physical and chemical traits, evolution of microbe communities, decrease of enzyme activity, and accumulation of autotoxin in the soil; the ratios of amount of bacteria to fungi, bacteria to actinomycetes, and aerobic bacteria to anaerobic bacteria decreased with the aggravation of Sanqi root rot, and the ratios could be biological diagnosis indexes of fitness of a soil planting Sanqi; and a replant failure alleviation technology was optimized with the integration of acidity regulation, chemical fertilizer reduction, aeration increasing, and microbes rehabilitation of the soil.