惠州市精神病患者家属心理健康状况与心理健康教育需求研究

Study on mental health and mental health education needs of family mem-bers of patients with psychiatric in Huizhou City

目的 调查惠州市精神病患者家属心理健康状况与心理健康教育需求,了解患者家属的心理状态,以期为患者家属提供有效的心理健康教育提供参考。方法 选取2014年10月~2015年6月惠州市第二人民医院、惠州市复员退伍军人医院精神科收住院治疗的确诊精神病患者的家属320名进行调查研究,根据家属与患者关系将其分为父母组（136名）、配偶组（104名）、其他亲属组（80名）。采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）调查患者家属的心理健康状况,采用自制量表调查患者家属的心理健康需求。采用SPSS 15.0软件进行统计学分析。结果 1SCL-90量表评分：父母组[（1.84±0.65）分]、配偶组[（1.62±0.58）分]和其他亲属组[（1.42±0.32）分]总均分比较,差异有统计学意义（F=8.79,P〈0.05）,组间两两比较差异亦有统计学意义（均P〈0.05）。2心理健康教育需求调查显示：患者家属对“家庭成员可行性的护理方法”“康复指导”“精神卫生的相关政策”“需要医护人员进行心理健康教育”方面有强烈需求,所占比例分别为70.9%、70.0%、68.4%、55.6%。结论 精神病患者住院治疗期间护理人员应关注患者家属的心理健康状况,有必要满足患者家属心理健康教育需求以改善其心理健康水平。

Objective To investigate the mental health and mental health education needs of family members of psychiatric patients in Huizhou City, understand the psychological state of family members of patients, in order to provide basis for further effective mental health education for family members of patients. Methods 320 cases of family members of hospitalized psychiatric patients were selected and investigated in the Second People＇s Hospital of Huizhou City and the Demobilized Veterans Hospital of Huizhou City from October 2014 to June 2015. According to relationship with the patients, the family members were divided into three groups： parents group（136 cases）, spouses group（104cases）, other relatives group（80 cases）. Symptom checklist（SCL-90） was used to survey mental health status of the family members; self-made scale was used to survey mental health education needs. SPSS 15.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results 1 SCL-90 scale： the total average scores of parents group [（1.84 ±0.65） points], spouse group [（1.62±0.58） points] and other relatives group [（1.42±0.32） points] were compared, the difference was statistically significant（F=8.79,P 0.05）; the results between each two groups was compared, and the differences were statistically significant（all P 0.05）. 2Mental health education needs： the family members of patients had strong demands in the aspects of ＂feasible nursing method of family members＂ ＂rehabilitation guidance ＂ ＂mental health policy＂ ＂required medical mental health education by medical staffs＂, accounted for 70.9%, 70.0%, 68.4%, 55.6% respectively. Conclusion The nurses should be concerned about the mental health of family members of hospitalized psychiatric patients.It＇s necessary to meet mental health education needs of family members of patients, and to improve their mental health.