产前二维超声诊断胎儿单发半椎体畸形的价值

Prenatal diagnosis of fetal solitary hemivertebra by two-dimensional ultrasound

目的:探讨胎儿单发半椎体畸形的二维声像图特征,以提高产前二维超声对单发半椎体畸形的认识。方法:从2010年5月—2015年5月在广东省东莞市茶山医院进行常规产前超声检查的孕妇中,选取产前超声提示单发半椎体畸形7例,回顾性分析单发半椎体畸形声像图特征及产前超声检查方法。结果:7例单发半椎体畸形中,胸椎半椎体5例,腰椎半椎体2例;产前超声检查过程中,旁正中切面显示脊柱后凸和前凸畸形5例,冠状切面显示脊柱左侧弯曲和右侧弯曲6例,在没有侧弯、成角情况下,横切面很难发现椎体形态异常。结论:旁正中切面可显示半椎体畸形引起的脊柱后凸和前凸,冠状切面可显示半椎体畸形引起的脊柱左侧弯曲和右侧弯曲,横切面可显示椎体形态异常。胎儿半椎体畸形具有典型声像图特征,二维超声可作为胎儿单发半椎体畸形的常规筛查手段。

Objective：To investigate two-dimensional sonographic features of fetal solitary hemivertebra, and to improve the awareness of prenatal ultrasonography.Methods：From May 2010 to May 2015, 36 504 pregnant women in Chashan Hospital of Dongguan underwent routine prenatal ultrasound examination. Seven cases of fetal solitary hemivertebra were retrospectively analyzed.Results：There were ifve cases of thoracic hemivertebra and two cases of lumbar hemivertebra. During prenatal ultrasound examination, ifve cases of kyphosis or lordosis were found in sagittal section, and six cases of left or right spinal scoliosis were found in coronal section. In the absence of scoliosis and angulation it was very dififcult to ifnd vertebral morphological abnormalities in cross section.Conclusion：Sagittal section could display kyphosis or lordosis caused by hemivertebra, coronal section could display left or right spinal scoliosis, and cross section could display vertebral morphological abnormalities. Fetal solitary hemivertebra has typical sonographic features, and two-dimensional ultrasound could be used for screening of fetal solitary hemivertebra.