5种常用药物对拉氏鱼种的急性毒性试验

Acute Toxicity of Five Pesticides to Fat Minnow Phoxinus lagowskii

在水温15～18℃、pH 7.0±0.2、总硬度（以CaCO3计）380.00mg/L试验条件下,选用三氯异氰尿酸（0.75、1.14、1.73、2.63、4.00mg/L）、硫酸铜（0.80、1.50、2.82、5.31、10.00mg/L）、高锰酸钾（3.00、3.59、4.27、5.07、6.00mg/L）、溴氯海因（1.92、2.78、4.02、5.81、8.40mg/L）、聚维酮碘（13.00、17.53、23.66、31.92、43.00mg/L）5种常用药物对平均体质量6.99g、平均体长8.03cm的拉氏鱼种进行急性毒性试验。试验结果表明,5种药物24h半致死质量浓度分别为2.24、2.38、5.05、6.00、30.74mg/L;48h半致死质量浓度分别为1.43、2.18、4.31、4.08、23.33 mg/L;安全质量浓度分别为0.17、0.60、0.94、0.57、4.03mg/L。拉氏对5种药物的敏感性依次为：三氯异氰尿酸〉溴氯海因〉硫酸铜〉高锰酸钾〉聚维酮碘;聚维酮碘、溴氯海因、硫酸铜可安全使用。该研究为拉氏合理用药提供参考。

The acute toxicity of five conventional pesticides trichloroisocyanuric acid powder（0.75,1.14,1.73,2.63,and 4.00mg/L）,cupric sulfate（0.80,1.50,2.82,5.31,and 10.00mg/L）,potassium permanganate（3.00,3.59,4.27,5.07,and 6.00mg/L）,bromochlorohydantoin（1.92,2.78,4.02,5.81,and 8.40mg/L）and povidone lodine（13.00,17.53,23.66,31.92,and 43.00mg/L）was studied in fat minnowPhoxinus lagowskii with average body weight of 6.99 g and the average body length 8.03 cm at water temperature of 15—18 ℃,pH（7.0±0.2）,and total hardness of（based on CaCO3）380mg/L.The results showed that the 24 h median-lethal concentrations of these five pesticides were 2.24,2.38,5.05,6.00,and 30.74mg/L,the 48hmedian-lethal concentrations were 1.43,2.18,4.31,4.08,and 23.33mg/L,with safe concentrations of 0.17,0.60,0.94,0.57,and 4.03mg/L,respectively.The sensibility for these five pesiticides was expressed as trichloroisocyanuric acid powerbromochlorohydantoincupric sulfatepotassium permanganatepovidone iodine.Povidone iodine,bromochlorohydantoin and cupric sulfate can be used safely and the findings provide a reference for the rational application of pesticides.