中学生青春期痛经患病情况及辨证分型分析

Prevalence and Syndrome Differentiation of Puberty Primary Dysmenorrhea among Female middle School Students

目的:了解浦东新区三林镇女中学生青春期原发性痛经的患病情况,并进行辨证分型研究。方法:采取随机整群分层抽样方法,以问卷调查的形式对浦东新区三林地区部分学校1 205名女中学生进行青春期原发性痛经情况调查。结果:774名研究对象报告曾经有痛经现象,占月经已至学生数的67.13%。痛经辨证分型主要为气滞血瘀型,占41.1%。痛经的疼痛程度与辨证分型有关,气滞血瘀型出现重度疼痛者较多(P<0.01)。痛经频率与辨证分型有关,气滞血瘀型出现一直和经常痛经者占比最高(P<0.01)。痛经发病时间与辨证分型有关,寒湿凝滞型多在月经初期即出现痛经(P<0.05)。结论:浦东新区三林镇女中学生发生青春期痛经的比例较高,且多为气滞血瘀型。通过中医辨证分型,对青春期痛经采取个体差异化应对措施有利于减轻痛经对女性的负面影响,有一定的临床应用价值。

Objective：To investigate the prevalence of puberty primary dysmenorrhea among female middle school students in Sanlin Town of Pudong New District and to study the syndrome differentiation. Methods： Questionnaire surveys were conducted among 1205 female students selected from several middle schools in Sanlin Town using stratified random cluster sampling to study puberty primary dysmenorrhea. Results：Seven hundred and seventy four students were with dysmenorrhea,accounting for 67.13~/0. In terms of syndrome dif- ferentiation,the syndrome of qi stagnation and blood stasis was the major type,accounting for 41.4%. The degree of pain was related to syndrome types,with more severe pain in the type of qi stagnation and blood stasis（P〈0.01）. The frequency of dysmenorrhea was related to syndrome type,with the highest frequency in Qi stagnation and blood stasis（P〈0.01）. Time of onset was related to syndrome types too,with cold-damp stagnation usually in the early menstruation（P〈0.05）. Conclusion：There is a high prevalence of puberty dysmenorrhea among female middle school students in Sanlin Town of Pudong New District,and the major type is Qi stagnation and blood stasis. Personalized treatment based on syndrome differentiation is certain clinical importance in minimizing negative impact of dysmenorrhea to female students.