当代国际政治中的政府道歉

On Government Apology in Contemporary International Politics

随着政治文明的进步,原本属于社会生活领域的道歉日渐被纳入政治学范畴。政府道歉热是国际正义觉醒的产物,越来越成为政府纠正历史性国家非正义、寻求和解的重要途径,也是处理国与国之间关系、应对政府治理失败的重要方式。实践与相关研究表明,作为国际交往的方式之一,政府道歉对于修复对立和冲突关系是非常有效的,为维护世界和平与稳定、缓和地区紧张局势、实现国家和解作出了巨大贡献。然而,政府道歉也不是万能的,政府道歉不仅受制于道歉双方的道歉意志,同样受国际国内局势左右。尽管政府道歉仍然存在诸多不足,但无法否认的是,它代表着一种全新的解决国际历史遗留难题与现实政治中棘手矛盾的努力与尝试,承载着人类力图告别"丛林法则"迈向文明道德时代的期望,展现着人们以道歉"宽恕"的力量化干戈为玉帛,为施害国与受害国创造了捐弃前嫌、携手合作、共创未来的前景。

With the progress in political civilization, apology has been increasingly studied in political science. The wave of government apology is an indisputable fact, which is the product of international justice awakening and has increasingly become an important way to rectify historical national injustice and seek reconciliation. It has also become a more and more important means to deal with state-to-state relations and government failure. Related research shows that government apology is very effective for repairing confrontational and conflictual relationship in international politics and makes a great contribution to safeguarding world peace and stability, easing regional tensions and facilitating national reconciliation. However, government apology is not a panacea. It is not only subjected to the will of both the initiator and the receiver, but is also affected by the international and domestic situation. Although government apology still has many problems, it represents a new effort to address historical grievances and intractable issues. It reflects mankind's expectations to jettison the law of the jungle and march towards moral civilization. Government apology also represents the first step by both the perpetrator and the victim toward a better future.