磁悬浮高精度多阈值振动报警装置设计

Design of Magnetic Suspension Vibration Alarm Instrument

为提高振动测量的灵敏度并降低振动测试系统的固有振动频率,利用磁悬浮技术将绝对式振动测量中的振子设计成悬浮状态.分析了光电位移传感器输出特性,得到振子遮挡接受光线的面积与振子位移的关系式,测得光电位移传感器的灵敏度,并将圆柱形振子和圆顶形振子接收的红外光面积与振子位移关系进行了比较,对得到的函数关系用最小二乘法进行线性拟合,得出圆柱形振子的线性关系误差较小,其线性拟合较好.采用分立电子元件设计了振动报警装置,可设定振动报警阈值电压,通过比较器实现不同级别要求的振动报警触发,设计放大电路使系统的灵敏度可调.为操作方便设计了单片机振动报警电路,可实现三级振动报警,通过按键改变每个振动报警档位的阈值电压,采用电可擦除只读存储器设计对设定的报警阈值电压进行保存,方便了操作.实测振动表明:设计的磁悬浮振动报警装置的灵敏度可达到0.01 mm,具有多档位的振动报警功能,使用方便.

In order to improve the sensitivity of vibration measurement and reduce the natural frequency of vibration test system the transducer of an absolute vibration measurement was designed as suspension. The output characteristics of photoelectric displacement sensor were analyzed. The relationship between the light receiving area blocked and the transducer displacement was given. The sensitivity of photoelectric displacement sensor was meas- ured. A cylindrical transducer was compared with a spherical transducer interface transducer using least squares linear fit. It was concluded that the designed cylindrical vibrator linearity error is small and its linear fit is better. A vibration alarm device was designed using discrete electronic components. Its vibration alarm threshold voltage can be set. The different vibration levels of alarm is triggered by comparators. The sensitivity of the system can be ad- justed. An SCM system that can achieve three-vibrating alarm was designed for ease of operation. Vibrating alarm threshold voltage can be changed by button. Alarm threshold voltages were saved using electrically erasable read- only memory which is easy to operate. The sensitivity of the magnetic levitation vibration alarm device designed can achieve 0. 01 mm, multi-gear vibration alarm function, and is easy to use.