温度、pH及金属离子对丹东对虾消化酶活性影响

Effect of Temperature, pH and Different Metal Ions on the Activity of Digestive Enzyme from Dandong Penaeus

以丹东对虾为原料,从肌肉及消化腺中提取消化酶(蛋白酶和淀粉酶),研究其酶学性质。结果表明:(1)丹东对虾肌肉中蛋白酶最适温度为50℃,最适pH为8,反应激活剂为Mg^(2+)、Ca^(2+)和Mn^(2+),抑制剂为Pb^(2+)、Cu^(2+)、Zn^(2+)和Fe^(2+);(2)消化腺中蛋白酶最适温度为50℃,最适pH为9,EDTA对其有抑制作用,反应激活剂为Ca^(2+)和Mn^(2+),抑制剂为Pb^(2+)、Mg^(2+)、Cu^(2+)、Zn^(2+)和Fe^(2+);(3)丹东对虾肌肉中淀粉酶最适温度为30℃,最适p H为7,反应激活剂为Mn^(2+),在浓度为20 mmol/L时,激活作用最大,抑制剂为Pb^(2+)、Mg^(2+)、Ca^(2+)、Cu^(2+)、Zn^(2+)和Fe^(2+);(4)消化腺中淀粉酶最适温度为30℃,最适pH为8,EDTA对消化腺淀粉酶有抑制作用,反应激活剂为Mn^(2+)和Ca^(2+),抑制剂为Pb^(2+)、Mg^(2+)、Cu^(2+)、Zn^(2+)和Fe^(2+)。

The characterization of digestive enzyme was investigated existing in the Dandong penaeus. The results showed that： （1） In the muscle ofDandong penaeus, optimal temperature for protease was 50℃, and optimal pH was 8; protease was activated by Mg^2＋, Ca^2＋ and Mn^2＋, declined by Pb^2＋, Cu^2＋, Zn^2＋, Fe^2＋. （2） In the digestive gland of Dandong penaeus, optimal temperature for protease was 50℃, and optimal pH was 9; EDTA could inhibite the enzyme, protease was activated by Ca^2＋, Mn^2＋, declined by Pb^2＋, Mg^2＋, Cu^2＋, Zn^2＋, Fe^2＋. （3） In the muscle of Dandong penaeus, optimal temperature for amylase was 30℃, optimal pH was 7; Amylase was activated by Mn^2＋ at high concentration, declined by Pb^2＋, Mg^2＋, Ca^2＋, Cu^2＋, Zn^2＋, Fe^2＋. （4） In the digestive gland ofDandong penaeus, optimal temperature for amylase was 30℃, optimal pH was 8; EDTA could inhibite the enzyme, and amylase was activated by Mn^2＋ and Ca^2＋, declined by Pb^2＋, Mg^2＋, Cu^2＋, Zn^2＋, and Fe^2＋.