2013～2014年深圳市生鲜水产品重金属含量调查及评价

Survey and Evaluation of Heavy Metal Content in Fresh Aquatic Products in Shenzhen from 2013 to 2014

分析2013-2014年深圳市五类生鲜水产品（鱼类、甲壳类、双壳类、腹足类和头足类）中五类重金属含量（铅、镉、总汞、铬和无机砷）,从重金属污染程度、食用安全性与健康风险三方面进行评价,了解水产品的质量安全。利用单因子污染指数法（Pn）和重金属污染指数（MPI）评价五类生鲜水产品中重金属的污染程度;计算五类生鲜水产品重金属的摄入量,与成人每日可耐受摄入量比较,初步评估深圳市水产品中重金属的食用安全性;通过经食入途径的健康风险模型,计算五类水产品的健康风险。结果显示,深圳市水产品总体污染水平较低;双壳类的镉和鱼类的无机砷都处在轻污染水平;镉和铬摄入的风险性较大。健康风险评估表明,深圳市生鲜水产品重金属含量处于安全范围内。

In order to understand the quality and safety of fresh aquatic products in heavy metal pollution, food safety and human health risk, this article analyzed concentrations of lead, cadmium, mercury, chromium, and inorganic arsenic in 5 types of fresh aquatic products including fishes, crustaceans, bivalves, gastropods, and cephalopods from Shenzhen during 2013-2014. The degree of heavy metal pollution in 5 types of fresh aquatic products was evaluated by single factor pollution index （Pn） and metal pollution index （MPI）. A preliminary assessment of edible safety of heavy metal in fresh aquatic products from Shenzhen was finished based on comparisons between heavy metal intake fi＇om five types of fresh aquatic products and adult acceptable daily intake. The health risk of five types of fresh aquatic products was calculated by health risk model through the oral route. Results showed that the whole heavy metal pollution of fresh aquatic products from Shenzhen was in a lower level while bivalves and fishes was slightly polluted by cadmium and inorganic arsenic respectively. Meanwhile, a higher intake risks was discovered in chromium and cadmium. The health risk assessment showed that the heavy metal concentrations in fresh aquatic products from Shenzhen were in a safe range.