文学评论期刊与《项狄传》小说属性的形成

Literary Review Journals and the Establishment of Tristram Shandy's Novel-ness

《项狄传》的文类属性始终是斯特恩研究传统中的一个关键争议点。已有研究主要围绕作者意图进行解读,忽略了18世纪中叶兴起的文学评论期刊对这部作品小说属性形成的影响。《项狄传》的跨年连载形式促成了斯特恩与文学评论期刊之间的特殊协商关系,两者的协商推动了斯特恩在《项狄传》创作过程中逐渐剥离讽刺文属性,增加小说属性,最终融入18世纪小说传统。这一协商过程不仅见证了小说文类兴起过程中对讽刺文的吸纳,而且折射出新旧文学传统更替背后的社会文化语境变迁。

The question of which genre Tristram Shandybelongs to has been contro- versial in the studies of Sterne. The existing studies tend to explore the writer＇s intention to define its genre, neglecting the role played by the literary review journals which rose in the middle of the 18th century. The yearly installment of Tristram Shandy results in a special negotiation between Sterne and literary review journals. This relationship leads Sterne to gradually reducing the satire-ness, increasing the novel-ness in Tristram Shan- dy, and ultimately integrating into the novel tradition of 18th-century England. The ne- gotiating process not only witnesses the novel＇s absorption of satire, but also reflects the transformation of social and cultural environment underlying the substitution of the old literary form by a new one.