卡夫卡小说中的陌异性与宗教母题

Alienation and Religiousness in Kafka

宗教、尤其是犹太教,深度参与了卡夫卡式的现代性面相的塑造,它不仅成为他的成长与创作背景,而且也构成了其重要的思想资源。卡夫卡通过对宗教语言、主题与思想的借鉴和加工,以及文学文本与宗教文本之间的互文性,创立了一个意义迷宫,充满隐秘与诡异的色彩,而身处这种"卡夫卡式"色彩之中的陌异形象,既是现代社会的一个缩影,展现它笨重而深刻的权力和暴力机制,也是以罪与罚为基础的宗教秩序的形象化,从而赋予卡夫卡的文学创作深厚的弥赛亚气质。

Religions, Judaism in particular, profoundly shape the face of Kafkaesque modernity. Judaism constitutes not only a background of Kafka＇s growth and creation, but also an important source of thoughts for Kafka. Kafka borrows and proces- ses religious language, themes, and thoughts, and creates a labyrinth of meaning based on the intertextuality between literary texts and religious ones. Such a labyrinth is of a Kafkaesque color that is secretly strange, where alien figures present a miniature of modern society and show its ponderous yet profound mechanisms of power and violence. Such figures help visualize religious orders built upon sin and punishment, endowing Kafka＇s literary creation with deep-seated messianic qualities.