脂肪叔胺制备技术进展

Progress of technology for fatty tertiary amine preparation

主要从3方面综述了脂肪叔胺制备技术的研发进展。介绍了脂肪叔胺的市场情况及主要用途,其主要作为制备阳离子表面活性剂和两性离子表面活性剂的重要中间体,这2类表面活性剂的主要品种可作为消毒杀菌剂、缓蚀剂、抗静电剂、织物整理剂以及个人护理用品中的活性成分等;重点阐述了脂肪叔胺的制备工艺过程,此工艺的技术关键是催化剂的制备,包括催化剂组分的筛选及其制备过程,目前主要采用的是多元金属复合催化剂,多以Cu与其他金属元素复合;简要回顾了脂肪醇催化胺化技术的发展概况,并对脂肪叔胺制备技术的进一步发展提出了建议。

The progress in field of research and development for preparation of fatty tertiary amines was summarized from three aspects. The marketing and main applications of fatty tertiary amines were introduced,mainly for preparation of cationic surfactants and amphoteric surfactants as important intermediates. The main varieties of these two types of surfactants can be used as active ingredient of disinfectants,corrosion inhibitors,antistatic agents,fabric finishing agents,and personal care products,etc. The preparation process of fatty tertiary amines was emphatically described. The critical technology of this process is the preparation of catalysts,including screening of various components of the catalyst and its preparation conditions. At present,the multiple metallic composite catalyst are mainly adopted,with copper as the main active matter to blend with other metallic elements. A brief review of the development of the technology for catalytic amination of fatty alcohols was included,and the suggestion for the further development of preparation technology of fatty tertiary amines was mentioned.