整体叶盘抛光技术的研究现状及发展趋势

Current situation and development trend of polishing technology for blisk

整体叶盘的表面质量和型面精度对航空发动机的气流动力性和使用性能影响巨大,而抛光是保证整体叶盘最终表面质量及型面精度的关键技术。针对目前国外对整体叶盘抛光技术及装备的严格保密、国内整体叶盘的抛光仍然广泛采用人工打磨的现状,对整体叶盘的抛光技术研究现状及发展趋势进行归纳总结,为整体叶盘的抛光及其自动化的发展提供参考。首先,概述了整体叶盘抛光加工的必要性及其重要性,分别从整体叶盘结构特性、材料特性和曲面特性等方面分析了整体叶盘的抛光工艺,并介绍了整体叶盘抛光工艺要求。然后,就整体叶盘磨料流加工、电解加工、砂带抛光等方面概述了国内外整体叶盘抛光技术及装备的研究现状,在此基础上提出了制约整体叶盘型面抛光技术发展的关键问题及其研究内容和解决方案。最后,根据整体叶盘的技术现状及核心关键问题指出了整体叶盘抛光技术的发展趋势。

Surface quality and profile precision of the blisk have a great influence on the air flow dynamics and performanceof the aeroengine, and the polishing technology is the key to guarantee the final surface quality and profile precision. Thepolishing technology and equipment for the blisk abroad are strictly kept secret, while, the method of manual polishing is stillwidely used in domestic aviation enterprises; therefore, it is of necessity to make a summary of the current situation and de-velopment trend of polishing technology for blisk to provide a reference for the development of blisk polishing technology andits automation. Firstly, the necessity and importance of the blisk polishing process are summarized and the polishing processof the blisk is analyzed separately with the aspects of the structure characteristics, material properties and surface charac-teristics, and at the same time, the requirements of the blisk polishing process are introduced. Secondly, the current situa-tion of polishing technology for blisk at home and abroad is summarized from the aspects of electrochemical machining, abra-sive flow machining, belt grinding and so on. And then, the research content of and solution to the key problems for the bliskpolishing technology are proposed based on the analysis. Finally, the development trend of polishing technology for blisk isgeneralized according to the technical status and key problems of the blisk.