生存权保障视野下的日本战后住宅问题——以公共住宅为中心

Japanese Postwar Residential Issue from the Perspective of Living Right Protection——Focus on Public Residence

住宅是公民生存权保障的基本内容,住宅法是社会保障法的重要环节,国家住宅政策的核心应当放置在国民生存权保障上。长期以来,日本住宅问题上的困境根源于对人权保障原则的背离,甚至出现了公共住宅压迫国民生存权的情况。公共住宅与民间住宅的不同就在于,公共住宅领域必须阻断市场法则的支配,通过加大国家公共投入,落实国家的积极给付义务,把生活法则作为首位的社会法理加以贯彻。

Residence is the basic content in the living right protection of citizens, and residence law is a key link in social protection law. The core of national residence policy should be placed on the protection of the living right of citizens. Over a long time, the difficulty of Japanese residence issue lies in the deviation from the principle of human right protection, even to the point of the emergence of public residence pressing the living right of citizens. The difference of public residence from folk one lies in the former breaking the market law with increase of national public input and implementation of active national payment, which regards life principle as first social rule.