内耳力学研究相关测量技术进展

Development of measuring techniques for studies of intra-cochlear mechanics

由于内耳结构复杂，体积微小，又位于颞骨内部，因此对内耳的力学测量存在较大的困难。一定程度上，测量技术的发展推动着内耳力学研究的进展，并决定了研究的角度以及所取得的成果。本文从测量技术的角度对内耳力学研究中用到的振动及压力测量技术进行了系统总结，包括简要的测量原理、重要的测量相关参数和具有代表性的内耳力学研究成果。具体测试技术包括电容传感器技术、穆斯堡尔技术、零偏激光干涉技术、外差激光干涉技术、低相干光干涉技术、光学断层扫描成像技术和光纤压力传感器技术。

Measurement of motion or pertinent mechanical status of intra-cochlear structures is challenging because the miniature and elaborate structures of cochlea locate inside temporal bone. The development of measuring technology gives impetus to the progress in study pertaining to cochlear mechanics. To some extent, the instrumentation determines the perspective and achievement of research. This review summarizes the basic mechanism, important features and some of the corresponding seminal ifndings of the techniques used to measure vibration or pressure in cochlear studies. The specific instruments, sensors or techniques include capacitive sensor, Mossbauer technique, homodyne laser interferometer, heterodyne laser interferometer, low-coherence interferometer, optical coherence tomography and pressure sensor based on optic ifber.