从奥巴马2015年《国情咨文》看美国高等教育的改革发展

Viewing Reform and Development of American Higher Education from Obama's 2015“State of the Union”

作为"教育改变命运的代表人物"的美国总统奥巴马,自上任以来就对教育改革颇为重视和投入,如提高教师的教育质量、减少学生学费以增强美国高校的绩效。注重校企合作发展战略,加快高等教育企业化和国际化步伐,探索新的教育模式,推进STEM教育快速发展。文章根据奥巴马在2015年的《国情咨文》中要求教师教学质量、教育资助政策、校企合作以及STEM教育改革等方面来阐述美国的高等教育的发展与走向,并提出了对我国高等教育发展的启示。

As a representative of ＂education to change the fate＂, the US President Barack Obama has attached great importance to and put great effort on education reform ever since he took office, such as improving the quality of teachers＇ education, reducing tuition to enhance the performance of American universities, focusing on school-enterprise cooperation and development strategies, accelerating the pace of enterprising and internationalization of higher education, exploring new mode of education, and promoting rapid develop- ment of STEM education. This paper elaborates the development and trends of the US higher education according to such aspects stated in Obama＇ s 2015 ＂State of the Union＂ as requirements of teachers＇ teaching quality, funding policy on education, school-enterprise cooperation and STEM education reform, and points out the enlightenment on China＇ s higher education development.