基于熵权和灰色关联方法的电梯安全评价及其应用

Elevator Safety Assessment and Application Based on Entropy Weight and Grey Correlation Method

为评估电梯综合安全水平,降低电梯运行中的风险,通过对我国近年来电梯事故发生形态和产生事故的原因进行统计分析,构建了影响电梯安全运行的人、机、环境、管理四个方面十个因素的评价指标体系;为缩小人为主观因素对电梯安全水平评价的影响,引入信息熵所反映数据本身的效用值来计算指标的权重系数;采用灰色关联分析方法计算各指标当前状态与完好状态之间的灰色关联度,从而实现了对电梯事故风险的量化评估。实例应用结果表明:将基于熵权和灰关联评价模型应用于电梯的安全评价,可以得到电梯的安全水平等级,且评价结果与实际情况相吻合。

In order to evaluate the comprehensive safety level of elevators and reduce the risk in elevator operation, based on statistical analysis on the types and the causes of the elevator accidents of China in recent years, this paper establishes an index system for elevator safety operation assessment involving ten factors of four aspects including people, machine, environment and management. To reduce the influence of subjective factors of evaluation, the system introduces information entropy which reflects the utility value of the data to calculate the index weight coefficient, and then applies grey correlation method to calculate the grey correlation between the current and sound state. In this method, the paper realizes the quantity assessment of the risk of elevator accidents. The case study results show that elevator safety assessment based on entropy weight and grey correlation can obtain the safety level of elevator, the assessment results of which agree with the actual situation.