摘要
目的分析IgA肾病合并高尿酸血症患者的临床和病理学特征,探讨IgA肾病患者发生高尿酸血症的危险因素。方法回顾性分析2005年1月-2013年9月在复旦大学附属中山医院经肾脏活组织病理学检查确诊的1261例原发性IgA。肾病患者的临床和病理学资料,将患者分为高尿酸血症组(464例)和非高尿酸血症组(797例),比较两组患者的临床和病理学资料,并行Logistic回归分析与高尿酸血症发生有关的危险因素。结果高尿酸血症组男性患者构成比、年龄、有高血压病史患者构成比、BMI、收缩压、舒张压,血清尿素氮、血清肌酐、血清尿素、血清钾、血清磷、血清氯、空腹血糖、总胆固醇、三酰甘油、脂蛋白a、高敏C反应蛋白水平、红细胞沉降率、24h尿蛋白定量均显著高于非高尿酸血症组(P值分N〈0.01、0.05);有肉眼血尿史患者构成比,血红蛋白、总蛋白、白蛋白、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、免疫球蛋白M水平,镜下尿红细胞(+++)、(++++)患者的构成比,以及eGFR和二氧化碳结合力均显著低于非高尿酸血症组(P值分别〈0.01、0.05)。高尿酸血症组免疫荧光IgA染色强度(+++)、(++++)患者的构成比均显著低于非高尿酸血症组(P值均〈0.01),高尿酸血症组Lee分级Ⅳ和V级患者的构成比、球形硬化百分数,以及重度系膜细胞增生、系膜基质增多、肾间质纤维化、肾小管萎缩、间质炎性细胞浸润和血管病变患者的构成比均显著高于非高尿酸血症组(P值均〈O.01)。单因素Logistic回归分析显示,性别(0R—1.651,95%CI为1.014~1.033)、年龄(OR=1.024,95%Cf为1.014~1.033)、肉眼血尿史(oR=0.413,95%CI为0.300~0.568)、高血压病史(OR=3.187,95%CI为2.509~4.046)、血红蛋白(OR=0.991,95%CI为0.985~0.997)、白蛋白(OR=0.982,95%CI为0.965~0.999)、eGFR(OR=0.944,95%CI为0.937-0.951)、总胆固醇(OR=1.088,95%CI为1.014~1.167)、三酰甘油(OR=1.516,95%CI为1.352~1.700)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(OR=0.528,95%CI为0.384~0.727)、尿红细胞(++)以上(OR=0.613,95%CI为0.465-0.809)、24h尿蛋白定量(0R=1.109,95%CI为1.059~1.162)、新月体百分数(OR=1.025,95%CI为1.009-1.040)、节段小球硬化百分数(OR=1.039,95%CI为1.021~1.058)、球形硬化百分数(OR=1.037,95%CI为l_031~1.044)、重度系膜基质增生(OR=2.256,95%CI为1.568~3.246)、重度系膜细胞增多(OOR=3.412,95%CI为1.681-6.923)、重度肾小管萎缩(OR=7.432,95%CI为4.359~12.669)、重度肾间质纤维化(OR=25.528,95%CI为6.052~107.668)、重度间质炎性细胞浸润(OR一11.465,95%CI为5.80322.651)、重度血管病变(OR=2.950,95%CI为2.210-3.939)、免疫荧光IgA染色强度(++)以上(OR=0.638,95%CI为0.4960.820)与IgA肾病患者的高尿酸血症发生有关(P值分别〈0.01、0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年纪较轻(OR=0.983,95%CI为0.970-0.996)、有高血压病史(OR=1.582,95%CI为1.152~2.171)、eGFR较低(OR=0.952,95%CI为0.942-0.961)、三酰甘油水平较高(OR=1.226,95%C1为1.055~1.424)、伴重度间质炎性细胞浸润(OR=2.911,95%CI为1.250-6.788)是IgA肾病患者发生高尿酸血症的独立危险因素(P值分N〈0.01、0.05)。结论IgA肾病患者以混合型高尿酸血症最为多见,年轻、有高血压病史、肾功能较差、肾间质炎性病变重和合并脂质代谢异常的IgA肾病患者易发生高尿酸血症。
Objective To explore clinicopathological characteristics and risk factors of hyperuricemia in patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Methods A total of 1 261 biopsy-proven primary IgAN patients in Zhongshan Hospital were recruited in this study from January 2005 to September 2013 They were divided into hyperuricemia group (n = 464) and non-hyperuricemia group (n = 797). Clinical and pathological data were retrospectively analyzed. Logistic regressive analysis was used to evaluate risk factors related to hyperuricemia. Results The male constitute ratio, age, incidence of hypertension, body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, serum urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, serum urea, serum potassium, serum phosphorus, serum chlorine, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, lipid protein a, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and 24-hour urinary protein in hyperuricemia group were significantly higher than those in non-hyperuricemia group ( P 〈 0. 01 or 0. 05), but the ratio of gross hematuria,the levels of hemoglobin, total protein, albumin, high density fat cholesterol, immunoglobulin protein M, microscopic hematuria, estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR), carbon dioxide binding force and the ratio of immunofluorescence intensity of IgA staining ( + + + ) and ( + + + + ) in hyperuricemia group were significantly lower than those in the non-hyperuricemia group (P 〈 0. 01 or 0. 05). Lee grading, percentage of glomerulosclerosis, the proportion of severe mesangial matrix hyperplasia, severe mesangial cell proliferation, severe renal interstitial fibrosis, severe renal tubular atrophy, severe interstitial infiltration of inflammatory cells, and severe vascular lesions in hyperuricemia group were significantly higher than those in non-hyperuricemia group (all P〈0.01). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that sex (OR = 1. 651, 95% CI: 1. 014 - 1. 033), age (OFt = 1.024, 95% CI: 1. 014- 1.033), gross hematuria (OR =0.413, 95% CI: 0.300- 0. 568), hypertension (OR =3. 187, 95% Cl: 2. 509 - 4. 046), hemoglobin (OR = 0. 991, 95% CI: 0. 985- 0. 997), albumin ( OR = 0. 982, 95 % CI : 0. 965- 0. 999), eGFR ( OR = 0. 944, 95 % CI : 0. 937 - 0.951 ), total cholesterol (OR= 1. 088, 95%C1: 1. 014- 1.167), triglyceride (OR= 1. 516, 95%C1: 1. 352- 1.700), high density lipoprotein cholesterol ( OR = 0. 528, 95 % CI = 0. 384 - 0. 727), urine erythrocyte〉 ( + + ) ( OR = 0.613, 95 % Cl: 0.465- 0. 809), 24-hour urinary protein (OR = 1. 109, 95% CI: 1. 059 - 1, 162), crescent percentage ( OR = 1. 025, 95% OI : 1. 009 - 1. 040), percentage of segmental glomurular sclerosis ( OR = 1. 039, 95% CI : 1. 021 - 1. 058), percentage of glomerulosclerosis (OR = 1. 037, 95% Cl: 1. 031 - 1. 044), severe mesangial matrix hyperplasia ( OR = 2. 256, 95 % CI: 1. 568 - 3. 246), severe rnesangial cell proliferation ( OR = 3.412, 95 % CI : 1.681 - 6. 923), severe renal tubular atrophy ( OR = 7. 432, 95 % CI : 4. 359 - 12. 669), severe renal interstitial fibrosis ( OR = 25. 528, 95 % CI : 6. 052 - 107. 668), severe interstitial infiltration of inflammatory cells ( OR = 11. 465, 95 % CI : 5 803 - 22.651 ), severe vascular lesions ( OR = 2. 950, 95 % CI : 2.210 - 3. 939), and the immunofluorescence intensity of IgA staining〉 ( + + ) ( OR = 0. 638, 95 % CI : 0. 496 - 0. 820) were related to the occurrence of hyperuricemia in IgAN patients ( P〈 0.01 or 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that younger age ( OR = 0. 983, 95 % CI = 0.970-0.996), history of hypertension (OR= 1.582, 95%O1: 1. 152-2.171), IoweGFR (OR=0.952, 95%O1.. 0. 942- 0.961 ), high triglyceride level ( OR = 1. 226, 95 % CI ; 1. 055 - 1. 424), and severe interstitial inflammation (OR = 2.911, 95 % CI : 1. 250 - 6. 788) were independent risk factors of hyperuricemia in I gAN patients ( P〈0.01 or 0.05). Conclusion The combined type of hyperuricemia is the most common hyperuricemia in IgAN patients. Risk factors of hyperuricemia in tgAN patients include younger age, history of hypertension, low eGFR, severe interstitial inflammation and abnormal lipid metabolism.
出处
《上海医学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第5期265-271,共7页
Shanghai Medical Journal
基金
科技部国家科技支撑项目(2011BAI10B03)
上海市科学技术委员会自然科学基金(14ZR1406400)资助