稀碱法提取美洲大蠊多糖工艺条件的研究

Polysaccharide Processing Conditions of Periplaneta americana L. by Alkaline Extraction Method

[目的]确定美洲大蠊多糖提取的稀碱液浓度、提取时间及提取温度等参数。[方法]采用梯度浓度稀碱液及不同条件进行美洲大蠊多糖的提取试验,以稀碱液浓度、提取温度及提取时间作为单因素因子,并进行了正交试验;采用苯酚-硫酸分光法测定试验样品中的多糖含量,将葡萄糖作为标准品进行对照,比较不同提取条件所得到多糖的含量。[结果]各因素对美洲大蠊多糖提取含量的影响主次顺序为稀碱液浓度、提取时间、提取温度,美洲大蠊多糖的最优提取条件为稀碱液浓度0.02 mol/L、提取温度70℃、提取时间1.5 h。[结论]该研究为进一步开发具有功能活性昆虫食品及药物奠定了理论和试验基础。

Objective To determine the dilute alkali concentration, extraction time and extraction temperature for the extraction of polysac-charide from Periplaneta americana L.[ Method] Extraction test of polysaccharide from P.americana was carried out by dilute alkali solution with gradient concentration under different conditions.With dilute alkali solution concentration, extraction temperature, and extraction time as the single factors, orthogonal test was carried out.Polysaccharide content in sample was detected by phenol-sulfuric acid spectrophotometry. Glucose was used as the standard substances, and control test was carried.Polysaccharide contents were compared under different extraction conditions.[ Result] The factors influencing the extraction of polysaccharide from P.americana were in the order of alkali solution concentra-tion, extraction time, extraction temperature.The optimal extraction conditions were 0.02 mol/L dilute alkali solution concentration, 70 ℃extraction temperature, and 1.5 h extract time, and 70 ℃extraction temperature.[Conclusion] This research provides theoretical and experi-mental basis for the further development of insect foods and drugs with functional activity .