金针菇耐高温新菌株的诱变选育

A Novel High-temperature-tolerant Strain of Flammulina velutipes by Mutagenesis

以黄色金针菇(Flammulina velutipes)菌株FV7为材料,采用紫外线诱变、氯化锂诱变和甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)诱变等多种诱变方法对金针菇的菌丝细胞进行诱变,诱变后的菌丝细胞经过菌丝体生长阶段33℃高温初筛和子实体发育阶段20℃中温复筛,并经过多轮筛选获得耐高温突变菌株FV7EMS。研究结果表明,采用甲基磺酸乙酯对金针菇菌丝细胞的诱变效果明显,突变菌株FV7EMS能在20℃温度出菇,且生长速度快、菌柄较长,生物学效率比亲本FV7提高了28.82%,与亲本间存在较大的遗传差异。金针菇耐高温新品种的培育,对于降低工厂化栽培能耗、多季节栽培金针菇有重要的科学研究价值。

The mycelial fragments of Flammulina velutipes （strain FV7, yellow） were treated with ultraviolet light （UV）, ethyl- methane sulfonate （EMS） and lithium chloride （LiC1）. Then the mycelial cell treated with mutation was screened at 33℃ during mycelial growth period and at 20℃ during fruiting body development period, and heat resistant mutant strain FV7EMS was ob- tained. The results showed that EMS had significant mutagenie effects on hypha cells, the mutant strain was high-temperature resistant varieties with long stipe, and it grew fast, compared with original strain FVT, the biological efficiency was higher with 28.82%, which presented apparent genetic differences to the original strain. The breeding of F. velutipes with high-temperature resistance was of great importance in factory energy consumption and its multi-season cultivation.