历史延续性视角下的中国道路

The Chinese Road in the Light of Historical Continuity

中国道路有着深厚的历史根基,其鲜明的特点是历史延续性而不是断裂性,而延续性的主要力量在于内在的动力与活力。与西方中心主义和"在中国发现历史"的范式不同,在比较中发现中国的分析范式将中国与同一时空下的世界相应国家进行长时段比较,以发现中国道路历史底蕴中的积极元素,否定长期流行的中国停滞论。从世界历史进程看,推动创造出世界上最为灿烂的农业文明的动力主要来自于农耕国家内部。这种动力不是那种瞬间的"爆发力",而是一种可持续的制度化动力,主要包括自主性的家户农民、内生性的政府能力和调适性的国家治理。中国发展在"持久性变革"主旋律之外,也有不可忽视的"周期式变动"的副线。其深刻的根源同样隐藏在农耕国家的内在基因之中,包括制度粘性、官僚惰性和权力任性等。历史延续性为近代以来中国的创新性革命和发展提供了基础,并由此最终形成中国特色社会主义发展道路,尽管这一道路仍然是未了的接力过程。

The Chinese road has a profound historical foundation.Its most striking feature of this foundation is its historically continuity rather than discontinuity,and a major strength of this continuity rests in its inherent drive and vigor.Unlike Eurocentric approaches and'discovering history in China, 'the analytical paradigm of discovering China through comparison matches China against other countries in a corresponding time and place over long stretches of time in order to discover the positive factors in the historical background of the Chinese road and refute the long dominant theory of China's stagnation.From the perspective of the progress of world history,the impetus for the creation of the world's most glorious agrarian civilization came mainly from with the agrarian country itself.This impetus was not a momentary'explosive force' but rather a sustainable institutional dynamic,made up of independent farming households,endogenous government capacity and adaptive state governance.Apart from its main rhythm of'constant transformation, 'Chinese development also has a second string of'cyclical change' that should not be neglected.Its deepest origins,latent in the internal genes of the agrarian country,included institutional stickiness,bureaucratic inertia,the abuse of power,etc.Its historical continuity has provided a foundation for China's innovative revolution and development since the beginning of modern times,leading ultimately to the path of socialist development with Chinese characteristics,even though this relay process is as yet unfinished.