正念行为训练对离退休综合征老年人负性情绪及生命质量的影响

Effect of mindfulness behavior training on negative emotions and quality of life for the elderly with retirement syndrome

目的 观察正念行为训练对离退休综合征老年人负性情绪及生命质量的影响.方法 将89例离退休综合征老年人按照单盲随机数字分组法分为干预组（45例）和对照组（44例）;对照组进行规律运动;干预组在此基础上进行正念行为训练;分别在干预前后采用正念注意觉知量表（MAAS）、负性情绪量表（POMS）及生命质量简表SF-36进行疗效评价.结果 干预前,两组老年人的MAAS、POMS及SF-36评分差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;干预后,两组老年人MAAS、POMS及SF-36评分优于治疗前,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;与对照组比较,干预组MAAS评分[（59.26±9.32）分]高于对照组[（54.32±9.44）分],差异有统计学意义（t=2.48,P〈0.05）;POMS中紧张焦虑、忧郁沮丧、疲惫惰性、活力好动维度评分分别为（17.84±2.36）,（17.10±2.24）,（16.20±2.81）,（27.30±2.66）分,优于对照组的（21.90±2.28）,（20.20±3.42）,（21.24±2.88）,（21.43±3.20）分,差异有统计学意义（t值分别为6.48,3.99,6.56,7.41;P〈0.05）;SF-36各维度评分均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.干预组除社会功能维度评分外,其他各维度评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.结论 正念行为训练可改善离退休综合征老年人的负性情绪、改善生命质量.

Objective To observe the effect of mindfulness behavior training on negative emotions and quality of life for the elderly with retirement syndrome. Methods A total of 89 elderly people with retirement syndrome was divided into experimental group （45 cases, regular exercise） and control group （44 cases, regular exercise ＋ mindfulness behavior training） according to single blind random number table grouping method. The effect was evaluated by mindful attention awareness scale （ MAAS） , profile of mood states （ POMS） and SF-36 before and after the intervention. Results Before the intervention, there were no significant differences in scores of MAAS, POMS and SF-36 （P〉0. 05）. After the intervention, scores of MAAS, POMS and SF-36 were all higher than those before training （P〈0. 05）. The score of MAAS （59. 26 ± 9. 32） in experimental group was higher than that in control group （54. 32 ± 9. 44）, （t=2. 48; P〈0. 05）; Scores of POMS in tension-anxiety, depression-dejection, fatigue-inertia and vigor-activity were （17. 84 ± 2. 36）, （17. 10 ± 2. 24）, （16. 20 ± 2. 81） and （27. 30 ± 2. 66） in the experimental group were better than those in the control group （21. 90 ± 2. 28）, （20.20±3.42）,（21.24±2.88）,（21.43±3.20）,（t =6.48,3.99,6.56and7.41; P〈0.05）; average scores of SF-36 in experimental group were higher than that in control group （P〈0. 05）. Scores of SF-36 were higher than those in control group except for the item of social function （P〈0. 05）. Conclusions Mindfulness behavior training can improve negative emotions and quality of life for the elderly with retirement syndrome.