家庭功能和社会支持干预对糖尿病患者胰岛素治疗依从性的影响

Influence of family function and social support intervention on insulin treatment compliance in patients with diabetes mellitus

目的 探讨家庭功能和社会支持对糖尿病患者胰岛素治疗依从性的影响.方法 选择2013年3月—2014年5月在哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院内分泌科门诊确诊的使用胰岛素治疗的符合纳入标准的糖尿病患者368例,进行胰岛素治疗依从性、家庭功能、社会支持的问卷调查.结果 胰岛素治疗依从性好202例（54.9%）,依从性差120例（32.6%）,依从性极差46例（12.5%）;高功能家庭183例（49.7%）,一般家庭82例（22.3%）,失职家庭103例（28.0%）;社会支持程度低119例（32.3%）,社会支持程度一般108例（29.3%）,社会支持程度高141例（38.3%）;多元回归分析表明,影响胰岛素治疗依从性的主要因素有年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、职业、月收入、付费方式、病程、家庭功能、社会支持.结论 家庭功能得分越高,治疗依从性好的比例就越高,社会支持程度总得分越高,治疗依从性好的比例就越高.护理人员应提高患者的家庭功能和社会支持程度,以提高患者的胰岛素治疗依从性,从而提高患者的生活质量.

Objective To discuss the influence of family function and social support on insulin treatment compliance in patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods A total of 368 diabetic patients diagnosed using insulin treatment were selected between March 2013 and May 2014 in outpatient department of endocrinology department. Situations of Insulin treatment compliance, family function, social support were investigated by questionnaire. Results Insulin treatment compliance were good in 202 cases （54. 9%）, poor in 120 cases （32. 6%） and very poor in 46 cases （12. 5%）. The cases of different levels of family function were 183 （49. 7%） with a high level, 82 （22. 3%） with a general level and 103 （28. 0%） with dereliction of duty level. The cases of low, a general and a high level of social support were 119 （32. 3%）, 108 （29. 3%） and 141 （38. 3%）. Multiple regression analysis showed that the main factors influencing the compliance of insulin treatment were age, education degree, marital status, occupation, monthly income, payment methods, disease duration, family function and social support. Conclusions When the scores of family function and social support are higher, the treatment compliance is higher too. The nursing staff should improve patient＇s family function and social support in order to improve the patients＇ insulin treatment compliance, so as to improve patients＇quality of life.