突发性聋患者睡眠状况调查及分析

Investigation and analysis of the sleep quality in patients with sudden hearing loss

目的：调查分析突发性聋患者睡眠状况,为采取针对性护理措施提供依据。方法对2014年9月—2015年4月初次在解放军总医院耳内科住院治疗的98例突发性聋患者进行匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）量表和自行设计的一般资料问卷调查。结果突发性聋患者 PSQI 总分为（6.85±3.53）分,其中PSQI总分≤7分有62例,占63.3%；PSQI总分〉7分有36例,占36.7%。患者的睡眠状况与年龄存在趋势相关性,表现为年龄越小睡眠状况越差；睡眠状况越差焦虑发生率越高,共14例PSQI值〉12分的突发性聋患者存在焦虑情绪（u=6.623,P〈0.01）。结论20~40岁的突发性聋患者睡眠障碍发生率高,最突出的睡眠问题是入睡困难,医护人员和患者应关注患者的人群特点和焦虑情绪对睡眠状况的影响,通过综合健康宣教,帮助患者提高疾病认知,减少焦虑情绪,改善睡眠质量。

Objective To investigate the sleep quality of patients with sudden hearing loss so as to provide basis for taking targeted nursing intervention. Methods A total of 98 patients with sudden hearing loss were investigated by Pittsburgh sleep quality index （ PSQI） and general data questionnaire from September 2014 to April 2015 in Internal Medicine Department of PLA General Hospital. Results The total score of PSQI in patients with sudden hearing loss was （6. 85 ± 3. 53） points including 62 cases （63. 3%） for ≤7 points and 36 cases （36. 7%） for 〉7 points. Study showed a correlation between sleep quality and age indicating that the younger of age, the worse of sleep quality. In addition, when sleep quality was poor, anxiety was high. Anxiety emotion existed in 14 patients with sudden hearing loss whose scores of PSQI were higher than 12 points （ u=6.623, P 〈 0. 01）. Conclusions The incidence of sleep disorder is high in patients aged 20 to 40 with sudden hearing loss. The most serious problem is difficulty falling asleep. Medical staff members and patients should pay attention to population characteristics and influence of anxiety on sleep quality so as to help patients improve the cognition of disease, reduce anxiety mood and improve sleep quality by comprehensive health education.