非卧床老年住院患者尿失禁现状调查分析

Investigation and analysis of urinary incontinence in elderly hospitalized patients

目的：调查非卧床老年住院患者尿失禁发生情况及影响因素,为进一步做好住院老年尿失禁患者的护理提供依据。方法采用国际尿失禁咨询委员会尿失禁问卷表简表（ ICI-Q-SF）对中西南地区10个城市的24家医院60岁以上住院老年患者970人进行问卷调查,了解老年住院患者尿失禁发生情况及严重程度；分析患者年龄、性别、婚姻状况、自我健康认知评价、如厕能力与尿失禁的关系。结果非卧床老年住院患者尿失禁发生率为20.5%,尿失禁轻、中、重度3个等级分别为58.2%,30.2%,11.6%。年龄、婚姻状况、自我健康状况评估、如厕能力是影响非卧床住院老年患者尿失禁的主要因素（P〈0.05）,Logistic回归分析显示年龄大、无配偶、自我健康评价差、如厕能力差的非卧床老年住院患者尿失禁发生率高。结论非卧床住院老年患者尿失禁的发病率较高,发生受多因素影响,应该加强对非卧床、高龄、无配偶、自我健康评价差、如厕能力差老年人的护理干预。

Objective To investigate the incidence and influencing factors of urinary incontinence in elderly patients with ambulatory care, and to provide basis for further improving the nursing of elderly patients with urinary incontinence. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 970 elderly hospitalized patients aged over 60 years in 24 hospitals of 10 cities in Southwest China by the international advisory committee on urinary incontinence （ ICI-Q-SF） . According to the questionnaires we had known the incidence about urinary incontinence of the elderly ambulatory inpatients and analyzed the relationship between some factors （ age, sex, marriage, self-perception of health assessment, toilet capacity and so on ） and urinary incontinence. Results This investigation shows that the incidence about urinary incontinence of the elderly ambulatory inpatients was 20. 5%. The severity of symptom was divided into 3 grades： mild, moderate and severe, the incidence were 58. 2%, 30. 2% and 11. 6%. Regression analysis showed that the high incidence of urinary incontinence occurred in these inpatients who was older, mateless, poor self-evaluation and poor toilet capacity （P〈0. 05）. Conclusions Elderly ambulatory inpatients are the people at high risks of urinary incontinence. This is affected by many factors, so we should strengthen the nursing intervention for this kind of patients.