抗高温抗钙水溶性聚合物降滤失剂研究进展

Research Progress of Water-soluble Polymeric Filtrate Reducer with High-temperature Resistance and Calcium Tolerance

发展高温抗钙钻井液技术的关键在于研制抗高温抗钙处理剂,尤其是高温高钙条件下性能稳定的降滤失剂。对国内外30多年来抗高温抗钙水溶性聚合物钻井液降滤失剂产品研发及机理研究进行了综述,指出分子结构设计是制备高性能钻井液降滤失剂的关键,钻井液中聚合物分子链上的水化基团对钙离子的敏感性以及聚合物分子与黏土颗粒的相互作用是高温条件下钙离子对聚合物降滤失剂性能的影响因素。今后要进一步明确开发目的,加强高温高钙条件下基础理论研究,重视新单体的设计开发和工业化生产,进行聚合物分子多层多级结构设计,研发超支化分子结构或树枝状结构的聚合物,重视天然材料的利用,通过高分子化学反应,如接枝共聚等方法,将天然材料转化为价廉的高性能绿色处理剂,研发兼顾护胶、封堵、改善流型、降滤失等能力的水溶性聚合物,以推动钻井液技术进步。

The key of drilling fluid technology with high-temperature resistance and calcium tolerance is to develop additives with high-temperature resistance and calcium tolerance,especially filtrate reducer with stable performance under high temperature and high calcium.Recent 30-year product research and development and mechanism research at home and abroad of water-soluble polymeric filtrate reducers with high-temperature resistance and calcium tolerance were reviewed.h is pointed out that the design of molecular structure is crit- ical factor of high-performance filtrate reducer used in drilling fluid.Meanwhile calcium ions under the condition of high temperature have influence on the performance of polymeric filtrate reducer in two aspects： sen- sitivity of hydrophilie groups on polymer mol6cular chain to the calcium ions in the drilling fluid and interaction between polymer molecule and clay particle.The purpose of development should be clear in the future. The future research should focus on enhancing the investigation on the basic theory under the condition of high temperature and high calcium.Design,development and industrial production of the novel monomer should be paid more attention.Multiple structures of polymer molecule may be designed to develop the polymer with hyperbranched molecule structure or dendritic structure.Natural materials should be applied more.It can be transformed into cheap green additives with high performance through grafting or other macromolecule reaction. Water-soluble polymers with function of colloid protection ,plugging ,flow pattern regulation and filtrate loss re- duction should be developed to push the advance of drilling fluid technology.