PPP与政府特许经营的关系及立法策略

The Relationship and Legislation Strategy of Public-Private Partnership and Concession

公私合作伙伴和政府特许经营作为舶来品,由于本身含义的不确定性,又加之不同法律体系的差异,导致了对两个概念理解产生歧义。公私合作伙伴作为一种模式或策略,关注的是主体参与层面的公共部门和私人部门之间的伙伴关系,强调转变政府职能、社会共治、协同治理等公共性价值。而政府特许经营作为一个方法和措施,属于公私合作伙伴的一种类型,关注的是项目能否得以有效实施,强调实施项目的效率、效益等问题。在立法策略选择上,两大法系的国家基于不同立法传统采取了不同策略。我们应该在借鉴发达国家经验的基础上,做好顶层设计,强调分层实施,并结合中国"政策实验"的成功模式,先通过试点,在条件成熟时,再进行全国性的立法。

PPP and concession are both exotics. People are often led to understanding ambiguity between the definition of public-private partnership and concession because of the uncertainty of their meaning and difference of legal systems. We believe that public-private partnership is a model or strategy and its main concern is the level of participation of public and private sectors. It emphasizes the transformation of government functions, social collegiality, collaborative governance and other public values. As a method or measure, concession＇s concern is the effective implementation of the project. It emphasizes the efficient implementation of project, effectiveness and other issues. In legislative policy choice, the state should draw lessons from countries of the two major legal sys- tems and do good jobs on top-level design, emphasize the layered implementation, and combine with the suc- cessful model of China＇ s ＂policy experiment＂, namely, first making experiment in the pilot areas, then expanding the legislation nationwide when conditions are ripe.