摘要
目的调查中国不同地域和级别医院的急性心肌梗死(AMI)诊疗资源配置情况。方法中国AMI(CAMI)注册研究在全国范围内选取医院115家,其中北方医院61家,南方医院54家;东部医院52家,中部医院26家,西部医院37家;三级医院79家,二级医院36家;省部级医院34家、地市级医院46家,县级医院35家。2012年11月至2013年8月期间,向各医院的心内科医生进行问卷调查,了解其AMI诊疗资源配置情况。结果(1)北方医院年收治AMI数多于南方医院[220(120,400)例比220(80,350)例,P=0.033],设有心脏监护病房(CCU)、开展溶栓治疗、经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)、急诊PCI和冠状动脉旁路移植术的比例差异均无统计学意义(P均〉0.05)。(2)东部、中部和西部地区医院年收治AMI数分别为295(150,501)、175(75,300)和170(50,250)例(P=0.007),设有CCU、开展溶栓治疗、PCI、急诊PCI和冠状动脉旁路移植术的比例差异均无统计学意义(P均〉0.05)。(3)三级医院床位数[104(70,152)张比47(30,52)张,P〈0.001]、年收治AMI数[300(200,460)例比80(47,135)例,P〈0.001]均多于二级医院。三和二级医院设有CCU的比例分别为97.5%(77/79)和75.0%(27/36),开展PCI的比例分别为98.7%(78/79)和27.8%(10/36),开展急诊PCI的比例分别为96.2%(76/79)和22.2%(8/36),开展冠状动脉旁路移植术的比例分别为81.0%(64/79)和11.1%(4/36),可使用主动脉内球囊反搏的比例分别为91.1%(72/79)和13.9%(5/36),差异均有统计学意义(P均〈0.001)。(4)省部级、地市级和县级医院年收治AMI数分别为400(250,600)、232(100,380)和80(50,162)例,设有CCU的比例分别为100%(34/34)、95.7%(44/46)和74.3%(26/35),开展溶栓治疗的比例分别为88.2%(30/34)、100%(46/46)和91.4%(32/35),开展PCI的比例分别为100%(34/34)、89.1%(41/46)和37.1%(13/35),开展急诊PCI的比例分别为100%(34/34)、84.8%(39/46)和31.4%(11/35),开展冠状动脉旁路移植术的比例分别为97.1%(33/34)、67.4%(31/46)和11.4%(4/35),差异均有统计学意义(P〈0.01或0.05)。结论我国不同地域医院在CCU设置及再灌注手段方面无显著差异。三级与二级医院以及省部级、地(市)级与县级医院之间的AMI诊疗配置存在较大的差别,可能会影响AMI患者的诊治效果。临床试验注册美国国立卫生研究院,注册号为NCT01874691。
Objective To investigate the medical care resources of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in Chinese hospitals of different regions and levels. Methods We selected 115 hospitals in China, including 61 northern hospitals, 54 southern hospitals,52 eastern hospitals, 26 central hospitals, 37 westernhospitals ,79 tertiary hospitals, 36 secondary hospitals, 34 provincial-level hospitals, 46 prefectural-level hospitals and 35 county hospitals. From November 2012 to August 2013, we sent questionnaire to the cardiologists in each hospital, to collect related information. Results ( 1 ) The number of AMI admitted each year of northern hospital was more than the number of southern hospital (220 (120, 400) cases vs. 220 (80,350) cases, P = O. 033), while number of coronary care unit (CCU), thrombolytic therapy, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) , primary PCI and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) were similar ( all P 〉 0. 05 ). ( 2 ) The number of AMI admitted each year of eastern, central and western hospital was 295 ( 150,501 ) cases, 175 (75,300) cases and 170 ( 50,250 ) cases respectively ( P = 0. 007 ), with no significant difference among them for setting CCU, carrying out thrombolytic therapy, PCI, primary PCI and CABG ( all P 〉 0. 05 ). ( 3 ) The total number of the in-patient beds and AMI admitted each year of tertiary hospitals were significantly higher than that in the secondary hospitals ( 104 ( 70,152 ) vs. 47 ( 30,52 ), P 〈 0.001 ) and ( 300 ( 200,460 ) cases vs. 80 ( 47,135 ) cases, P 〈 0. 001 ) respectively. There was a significant difference between tertiary and secondary hospitals for the number of CCU (97. 5% (77/79)and 75.0% (27/36)), PCI (98.7% (78/79) and 27.8% (10/36) ), primary PCI (96. 2% (76/79) and 22. 2% (8/36)) , CABG ( 81.0% (64/79) and 11.1% ( 4/36 ) ), intra-aortic balloon pump ( IABP ) ( 91.1% (72/79) and 13.9% (5/36)) respectively ( all P 〈 0. 001 ). (4) There were obvious differences among provincial-level, prefectural-level and country-level hospitals for the admitted AMI patient numbers annually which was 400 (250,600), 232 (100,380) and 80 (50,162) cases, CCU proportion which was 100 % (34/34), 95.7% ( 44/46 ) and 74. 3% ( 26/35 ), thrombolytic therapy proportion which was 88. 2% (30/34), 100% (46/46) and 91.4% (32/35) ,PCI proportion which was 100% (34/34) ,89. 1% (41/46) and 37.1% (13/35) , primary PCI proportion which was 100% ( 34/34 ) , 84. 8% ( 39/46 ) and 31.4% ( 11/35 ), CABG proportion which was 97.1% ( 33/34 ), 67.4% ( 31/46 ) and 11.4% ( 4/35 ) respeetively ( P 〈 0. 01 or 0. 05 ) . Conehlsions Different regional hospitals have no significant difference in number of CCU and reperfusion therapies, while there is a big difference on medical care resources of AMI between different-level hospitals, which may affect the diagnosis and treatment effect of patients with AMI. Clinieai Trail Registry National Institutes of Health, NCT01874691.
出处
《中华心血管病杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第7期565-569,共5页
Chinese Journal of Cardiology
基金
国家“十二五”科技支撑计划(2011BA111B02)
关键词
心肌梗死
资源配置
诊断
治疗
Myocardial infarction
Resource allocation
Diagnosis
Therapy