2010-2015年钦州市钦南区乡镇中学生视力低下流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of poor vision among middle school students in rural areas of Qinzhou city from 2010 to 2015

目的:了解2010-2015年钦州市钦南区乡镇中学生视力低下的流行特征,为学校制定预防措施提供依据。方法:采用横断面调查的方法,收集2010-2015年钦州市钦南区全部乡镇中学生的体检年报资料,对视力低下情况进行分析。结果:视力低下率由2010年的24.98%上升到2015年的30.95%,呈上升状态,各年度间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。视力低下发生率以中度为主(11.41%),轻、中、重三种视力低下率的差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);而且以初三年级学生为主(33.91%),年级间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);女生视力低下率(35.87%)高于男生(20.16%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论:钦州市钦南区乡镇中学生视力低下率,远远低于全国及其他省市同时期、同类学生的水平,但仍需采取积极的措施,加强学生预防近视的健康教育,重点放在高级学生及女学生。

Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of poor vision among rural middle school students of Qinnan district,Qinzhou city and to provide reference for preventive strategies for schools to control poor vision. Methods Cross--sectional study was used to collect the students＇ physical examination data of all schools in townships of Qinzhou during 2010 to 2015 ,and to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of students＂ poor vision. Results The poor vision rate rose from 24. 98% in 2010 to 30.95% in 2015,which showed an upward trend and the differences be tween years were statistically significant（P〈0. 001）. Moderate poor vision was the main type of students＇ poor vision in our study（11. 41%）,and there were statistically differences among mild poor vision, moderate poor vision and severe poor vision（P〈0. 001）. The poor vision rate of the third--grade students（33.91% ）was highest compared to the other two grades,in addition,the differences among three grades were statistically significant（P〈0. 001）. Among girls, the poor vision rate （35.87%） was higher than boys＇（20. 16% ） and the difference between them was statistically significant（P〈0. 001）. Conclusions In Qinnan district of Qinzhou, the poor vision rate was lower than the rate of nationwide or other provinces during the same period among rural middle school students. Yet we still should take some active measures to improve the health education on prevention of poor vision, particularly among the high grade students and girls.