运用教育戏剧培养审辨性思维的优势与方法——以“PLAY计划”戏剧美育实验教学为例

Reflections on the Advantage and Methodology of Application of Drama in Education for the Cultivation of Critical Thinking

审辨性思维是对事物现象或思想主张,怀着审慎的、有目标的审视态度,通过独立、科学而有逻辑的验证,明确清晰地表达出来的思维方式。它是独立思考与创新人才所不可或缺的必备能力之一。教育戏剧不是传统意义上的登台演出,是教师将戏剧元素应用于课堂教学的一种手段。它不重视表演呈现结果,而是强调和注重参与戏剧活动的整个过程。本文研究教育戏剧对审辨性思维的促进作用,从教育戏剧与审辨性思维的定义与溯源着手,对这两个跨学科、跨领域的概念进行了个性化解读,并揭示了审辨性思维的重要性和以教育戏剧为培养手段的优势,结合"PLAY计划"戏剧美育教育在实践中的案例,论述运用教育戏剧培养审辨性思维的几项原则,最后对应当前综合素质教育中存在的不足进行了展望。

Critical thinking is a way of thinking with prudent and targeted attitude towards phenomenon and thoughts, with scientific and logical validation and with explicit and clear expression. It is an indispensable skill for independent thinking and innovation. Drama in education is a method that teachers use by applying dramatic elements to standard classroom teaching. It emphasizes the whole process of dramatic activities instead of the traditional stage. This paper studies the impact of drama in promoting critical thinking. It starts by tracing and defining the concepts of drama in education and critical thinking, and give original interpretations of the two interdisciplinary concepts. The paper also discusses the importance of critical thinking and the advantage of drama in education as a teaching methodology. Furthermore, it describes a case study of the ＂PLAY Plan＂ which aims at cultivating critical thinking by means of drama in education. Finally, the paper discusses the outlook of the essential- qualities-oriented education.