2015年青岛市燕麦孢囊线虫小麦田侵染观察

Infection Observation of Heterodera avenae in Wheat Field in Qingdao during 2015

为探讨2015年燕麦孢囊线虫(Heterodera avenae,Ha)在青岛市小麦田的侵染特点,在城阳和胶州样田进行定点和定期取样,通过土壤中线虫分离和根组织中线虫染色后镜检,测定不同时期Ha各虫态群体密度及其动态变化。结果表明,在城阳和胶州样田,Ha 2龄幼虫在土壤中的孵出高峰分别发生在4月5日和11日,侵入高峰均发生在4月11日;3龄幼虫发育高峰均发生在4月18日,4龄幼虫发育高峰分别发生在5月9日和17日;白色雌虫均于5月1日开始出现,均于5月17日达出现高峰。Ha在城阳和胶州样田的繁殖系数(Rf)均较低,分别为0.5和0.9。

In order to explore the infection characteristics of Heterodera avenae（ Ha） in wheat field of Qingdao,the samples were collected site- fixedly and periodically in Chengyang and Jiaozhou sample fields.The population densities and dynamics of every Ha developmental stages were ascertained through the microscopic examination on nematode isolated from soil and wheat root after dyed. The results showed that in Chengyang and Jiaozhou sample fields,the emergence peaks of 2- instar larvae of Ha occurred on April 5 and11 respectively in soil,and the penetration peaks both occurred on April 11. The developmental peaks of 3-instar larvae occurred both on April 18,and those of 4- instar larvae occurred on May 9 and 17 respectively.The white females began to emerge both on May 1 and both reached the emergence peaks on May 17. The reproductive factors（ Rf） of Ha both were lower,which were 0. 5 and 0. 9 respectively,in Chengyang and Jiaozhou sample fields.