老年知识分子常见慢性病患者养老服务需求调查研究

An research on the service demand for elderly intellectuals with common chronic diseases

目的调查老年知识分子常见慢性病患者的养老服务模式及内容的需求，为完善养老服务提供理论依据，促进养老服务的规范发展。方法通过问卷调查482例知识分子常见慢性病患者的养老服务需求。结果老年知识分子常见慢性病患者中96．68％选择居家养老，3．32％选择机构养老；选择机构养老的原因主要是家里无人照料（62．50％），不选择机构养老的原因主要是不愿意离开熟悉的环境（86．88％）。养老服务需求以医疗保健和精神慰籍需求为主，日常生活方面也有较大需求。医疗保健需求主要是安装求助电铃（97．10％）、健康教育（87．76％）；精神文化需求丰富，主要是看电影电视（99．17％）、看书看报（95．02％）、电脑网络（88．38％）、闲谈聊天（87．55％）；日常生活需求主要是打扫卫生（55．19％）、理发（54．77％）、维修（51．04％）。结论居家养老是适合老年知识分子常见慢性病患者的养老模式，也要适当发展机构养老以满足不同的需求；在服务内容上应把主要力量放在满足其医疗保健和精神慰籍需求上，兼顾日常生活需求。

Objective To investigate the service demand and the old-age mode of elderly intellectuals with common chronic diseases, to provide some advice on the service for the elderly, and to promote its development. Method 482 elderly intellectuals with common chronic diseases were surveyed by questionnaires. Results 96.68% of elderly patients chose home-based care, 3.32% of them chose institution-care. Their main service demands were related to health care and spiritual comfort, and their daily life demands were relatively low. Conclusions Home-based care is suitable for elderly intellectuals with chronic diseases, and it is necessary to develop institution-care appropriately. The service demands for these elderly patients should be given more priority to the health care and spiritual comfort than their daily life demands.