湖南宁乡县炭河里遗址出土青铜器的科学分析

The Scientific Analysis of the Bronzes Unearthed at Tanheli Site in Ningxiang County,Hunan

前言 20世纪20年代以来，湖南宁乡县炭河里一带出土了大量商周时期青铜器，其中部分器物造型风格与中原铜器相似，但很多器物具有地方风格，表现为器形高大，纹饰精美，以动物作为纹饰或器形。

The alloy compositions, metallographic structures and lead isotope ratios of 26 bronzes unearthed from Tanheli Site are analyzed by scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive spectroscopy （SEM- EDS）, optical microscope （OM） and solid surface thermal ionization mass spectrometer （TIMS）. Lead isotope data of six bronzes are highly radiogenic lead, whose characteristics is consistent with the data of the bronzes of the Shang Dynasty containing highly radiogenic lead found in Yinxu Site, Dayangzhou at Xingan, Jiangxi and Sanxingdui in Sichuan, but not correlated with that of the abnormal lead tin polymetallic ores in Hunan and Jiangxi; that of the other 20 bronzes belong to ordinary lead, which can be divided into three groups by the compositions of their lead isotope, indicating that their metal resources were from different origins. The results showed that these bronzes are mainly copper^tin-lead ternary alloy and copper-tin binary alloy, plus small amount of copper-lead alloy; these bronzes are made by casting technique. This paper provides a number of important scientific analysis data for the in-depth study on the Shang and Zhou bronzes found in Hunan, and also provides a new perspective to solve the problems related to the Ningxiang bronze group.