长沙市社区育龄女性避孕及重复流产现状调查分析

Status of contraception and repeated abortion among women of childbearing age in Changsha City

目的了解长沙市社区育龄女性避孕及重复流产现状，为制定针对性社区生殖健康干预方案提供依据。方法将长沙市3个社区参与生殖健康讲座的454名女性作为研究对象，填写统一的问卷调查表，由经过专业培训的医护人指导填写。结果55．29％的研究对象曾做过人工流产，其中27．31％有≥2次人工流产史。4．19％在≤18岁前发生首次性行为。最主要的避孕方法为使用避孕套（86．79％），高效避孕方法落实率仅为28．47％。避孕知识主要来源于社区计生专干或者医护人员的仅占37．88％，23．35％的女性生殖健康知识得分较低（1—4分）。结论社区育龄女性人工流产率及重复流产率高，获取避孕知识的渠道有限，生殖健康知识得分较低，故应积极开展PAC（流产后关爱）包括走进社区服务在内的综合措施，提高社区育龄女性的避孕意识及避孕依从性，帮助知情选择高效避孕措施，降低人工流产特别是重复流产率。

Objective To understand the status of contraception and recurrent abortion among women of childbearing age in Changsha City and to provide evidence for the development of targeted community reproductive health intervention program. Methods 454 women from three communities in Changsha were included into the study. Questionnaires were completed in a unified questionnaire. Results 55.29% had abortion; among which, 27.31% had over 2 times artificial abortion. 4.19% had sex not older than 18 years old. The main contraceptive methods was using condom （86.79%）. The implementation rate of effective contraceptive method was only 28.47%. Only 37.88% got contraceptive knowledge from community family planning engineer or medical staff. 23.35% women＇s sexual and reproductive health knowledge score was low （1-4）. Conclusions Community childbearing women＇s abortion rate and repeated abortion rate are high; they have few sources in getting contraception knowledge; and their reproductive health knowledge score is low. Therefore, it is necessary to actively carry out PAC （after abortion care） comprehensive measures including going into community services so as to improve the consciousness of contraception and contraceptive compliance of the women of childbearing age in community and help them informedly choose effective contraceptive measures, and reduce artificial abortion rate, especially repetition rate.