粮棉轮作与土壤深翻对棉花生育性状及产量的影响

Effects of Rotation and Soil Deep Ploughing on Cotton Development Traits and Yield

试验采用随机区组设计,研究了粮棉轮作种植模式与土壤深翻对棉花生长发育及产量性状的影响。结果表明,轮作促进了棉花的营养生长与生殖生长,无论是在旋耕条件下还是在深翻条件下,棉花株高、真叶数、果枝数、蕾铃数、单铃质量均较连作有不同程度提高,籽棉产量在旋耕与深翻条件下分别较连作提高4.5%与2.6%。土壤深翻前期抑制棉花生长,棉花株高、真叶数均低于旋耕处理,但棉花中后期优势明显,果枝数、单株成铃数、单铃质量均高于旋耕处理,籽棉产量在连作与轮作条件下分别较旋耕处理提高4.0%与2.1%。粮棉轮作与土壤深翻相结合是提高棉花产量的有效措施。

Adopting randomized block design, the effects of wheat-maize-cotton rotation system and soil deep ploughing on cotton development traits and yield was studied. The results showed that rotation promoted vegetative and reproductive growth of cotton, and the plant height, true leaves, fruit branches, squares and bolls, boll weight were all increased in rotary tillage and deep ploughing. Cotton yield was increased by 4.5% arid 2.6% compared with succession cropping under rotary tillage and deep ploughing conditions respectively. Deep ploughing restrained cotton growth in early stage, and the plant height, true leaves were lower than that of rotary tillage, but in middle and late stage cotton growth showed obvious superiority, and fruit branches, bolls per plant, boll weight of deep ploughing were higher than that of rotary tillage. Cotton yield was increased by 4.0% and 2.1% compared with rotary tillage under succession cropping and rotation conditions respectively. Wheat-maize-cotton rotation system combined with deep ploughing was effective measures to increase cotton yield.